Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, South Korea.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jan 7;12(1):129. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03838-z.
Hemorrhoidal disease is a highly prevalent anorectal condition causing substantial discomfort, disability, and decreased quality of life. Evidence on preventable risk factors for hemorrhoidal disease is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 194,620 healthy men and women who completed a health screening exam including colonoscopy in 2011-2017. We evaluated potential risk factors of hemorrhoidal disease, including lifestyle factors, medical history, birth history, gastrointestinal symptoms, and anthropometric measurements. The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was 16.6%, and it was higher in females than in males (17.2 vs. 16.3%; P < 0.001). Compared to men, the prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was higher in parous women (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.10), and lower in nulliparous women (adjusted OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.86-0.98). In the adjusted analyses, older age, female sex, smoking, overweight, and being hypertensive were independently associated with the presence of hemorrhoidal disease. The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was positively associated with body mass index and waist circumference in parous women. The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was higher in older age, females, ever-smokers, and hypertensive participants. The association of excess adiposity with the prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease differed by sex and parity.
痔疮疾病是一种高发的肛肠疾病，会引起严重的不适、残疾和生活质量下降。关于痔疮疾病可预防的风险因素的证据有限。我们对 2011 年至 2017 年间完成健康筛查检查（包括结肠镜检查）的 194620 名健康男性和女性进行了横断面研究。我们评估了痔疮疾病的潜在风险因素，包括生活方式因素、病史、生育史、胃肠道症状和人体测量学指标。痔疮疾病的患病率为 16.6%，女性高于男性（17.2%比 16.3%；P<0.001）。与男性相比，生育过的女性痔疮疾病的患病率更高（调整后的优势比[OR]1.06；95%置信区间[CI]1.02-1.10），未生育过的女性患病率更低（调整后的 OR 0.92；95%CI 0.86-0.98）。在调整分析中，年龄较大、女性、吸烟、超重和高血压与痔疮疾病的发生独立相关。在生育过的女性中，痔疮疾病的患病率与体重指数和腰围呈正相关。痔疮疾病的患病率随着年龄的增长、女性、吸烟者和高血压患者的增加而增加。肥胖与痔疮疾病患病率的相关性因性别和生育状况而异。
