Mukase Sandrine, Xia Kewen, Umar Abubakar, Owoola Eunice Oluwabunmi
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Jan 5;22(1):384. doi: 10.3390/s22010384.
Nowadays, wireless energy transfer (WET) is a new strategy that has the potential to essentially resolve energy and lifespan issues in a wireless sensor network (WSN). We investigate the process of a wireless energy transfer-based wireless sensor network via a wireless mobile charging device (WMCD) and develop a periodic charging scheme to keep the network operative. This paper aims to reduce the overall system energy consumption and total distance traveled, and increase the ratio of charging device vacation time. We propose an energy renewable management system based on particle swarm optimization (ERMS-PSO) to achieve energy savings based on an investigation of the total energy consumption. In this new strategy, we introduce two sets of energies called emin (minimum energy level) and ethresh (threshold energy level). When the first node reaches the emin, it will inform the base station, which will calculate all nodes that fall under ethresh and send a WMCD to charge them in one cycle. These settled energy levels help to manage when a sensor node needs to be charged before reaching the general minimum energy in the node and will help the network to operate for a long time without failing. In contrast to previous schemes in which the wireless mobile charging device visited and charged all nodes for each cycle, in our strategy, the charging device should visit only a few nodes that use more energy than others. Mathematical outcomes demonstrate that our proposed strategy can considerably reduce the total energy consumption and distance traveled by the charging device and increase its vacation time ratio while retaining performance, and ERMS-PSO is more practical for real-world networks because it can keep the network operational with less complexity than other schemes.
如今，无线能量传输（WET）是一种新策略，有潜力从根本上解决无线传感器网络（WSN）中的能量和寿命问题。我们研究了通过无线移动充电设备（WMCD）实现的基于无线能量传输的无线传感器网络过程，并开发了一种周期性充电方案以保持网络运行。本文旨在降低整个系统的能耗和总行驶距离，并提高充电设备的空闲时间比例。基于对总能耗的研究，我们提出了一种基于粒子群优化的能量可再生管理系统（ERMS - PSO）以实现节能。在这种新策略中，我们引入了两组能量，即emin（最小能量水平）和ethresh（阈值能量水平）。当第一个节点达到emin时，它将通知基站，基站将计算所有低于ethresh的节点，并在一个周期内发送一个WMCD对它们进行充电。这些设定的能量水平有助于管理传感器节点在达到节点一般最小能量之前何时需要充电，并有助于网络长时间无故障运行。与之前每个周期无线移动充电设备访问并为所有节点充电的方案不同，在我们的策略中，充电设备应仅访问少数比其他节点消耗更多能量的节点。数学结果表明，我们提出的策略可以显著降低充电设备的总能耗和行驶距离，并提高其空闲时间比例，同时保持性能，并且ERMS - PSO对于实际网络更实用，因为它可以以比其他方案更低的复杂度保持网络运行。
