Santana Abril Judith, Santana Sosa Graciela, Sosa Javier, Bautista Tomas, Montiel-Nelson Juan A
Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35015 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Jan 14;21(2):557. doi: 10.3390/s21020557.
In this paper, we present a novel charging method for underwater batteryless sensor node networks. The target application is a practical underwater sensor network for oceanic fish farms. The underwater sections of the network use a wireless power transfer system based on the ISO 11784/11785 HDX standard for supplying energy to the batteryless sensor nodes. Each sensor has an accumulator capacitor, which is charged for voltage supplying to the sensor node. A new distributed charging scheme is proposed and discussed in detail to reduce the required time to charge all sensor nodes of the underwater sections. One important key is its decentralized control of the charging process. The proposal is based on the self disconnection ability of each sensor node from the charging network. The second important key is that the hardware implementation of this new feature is quite simple and only requires to include a minimal circuitry in parallel to the current sensor node antenna while the rest of the sensor network remains unaltered. The proposed charging scheme is evaluated using real corner cases from practical oceanic fish farms sensor networks. The results from experiments demonstrate that it is possible to charge up to 10 sensor nodes which is the double charging capability than previous research presented. In the same conditions as the approach found in the literature, it represents reaching an ocean depth of 60 m. In terms of energy, in case of an underwater network with 5 sensors to reach 30 m deep, the proposed charging scheme requires only a 25% of the power required using the traditional approach.
在本文中，我们提出了一种用于水下无电池传感器节点网络的新型充电方法。目标应用是一个用于海洋养鱼场的实用水下传感器网络。该网络的水下部分使用基于ISO 11784/11785 HDX标准的无线电力传输系统，为无电池传感器节点供电。每个传感器都有一个储能电容器，用于充电以向传感器节点提供电压。提出并详细讨论了一种新的分布式充电方案，以减少对水下部分所有传感器节点充电所需的时间。一个重要的关键是其对充电过程的分散控制。该方案基于每个传感器节点与充电网络的自断开能力。第二个重要关键是，此新功能的硬件实现非常简单，只需要在当前传感器节点天线并联一个最小的电路，而传感器网络的其余部分保持不变。使用实际海洋养鱼场传感器网络中的真实极端情况对所提出的充电方案进行了评估。实验结果表明，可以为多达10个传感器节点充电，这是之前研究提出的充电能力的两倍。在与文献中方法相同的条件下，这意味着能达到60米的海洋深度。在能量方面，对于一个有5个传感器且深度达到30米的水下网络，所提出的充电方案仅需要传统方法所需功率的25%。
