Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Studies & Innovation, Mutualités Libres-Onafhankelijke Ziekenfondsen, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 4;19(1):548. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010548.
(1) Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world among children. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the consumption of asthma medications in order to investigate asthma in children (2-18 years) and the association with health care consumption; (2) a retrospective study using anonymized administrative data for 2013-2018 from the third largest Belgian health insurer was conducted; (3) in 2018, 12.9% of children received at least one asthma medication and 4.4% received at least two packages with a minimum of 30 days between purchases. Preschool children (2-6 years) were three times more likely to take asthma medication than older children (7-18 years). ICS, in combination or not with LABA, were the most dispensed drugs among children. Children with asthma medications were almost twice as likely to receive antibiotics, more likely to end up in the emergency room, and twice as likely to be hospitalized; (4) most children took ICS, according to the GINA guidelines. High rates of nebulization in young children were observed, despite the recommendation to use an inhaler with a spacing chamber as much as possible. Finally, children who took asthma medications were more likely to end up in the ER or be hospitalized.
（1）哮喘是全世界儿童中最常见的慢性疾病之一。本研究的主要目的是分析哮喘药物的使用情况，以调查儿童（2-18 岁）哮喘的发病情况及其与医疗保健消费的关系；（2）采用回顾性研究方法，利用 2013 年至 2018 年来自比利时第三大健康保险公司的匿名行政数据进行研究；（3）2018 年，12.9%的儿童至少使用过一种哮喘药物，4.4%的儿童至少购买过两种药物，两次购买之间至少间隔 30 天。与年龄较大的儿童（7-18 岁）相比，学龄前儿童（2-6 岁）使用哮喘药物的可能性要高出三倍。ICS 与 LABA 联合或不联合使用是儿童中最常用的药物。使用哮喘药物的儿童使用抗生素的可能性几乎是未使用哮喘药物儿童的两倍，更有可能去急诊室就诊，住院的可能性是未使用哮喘药物儿童的两倍；（4）根据 GINA 指南，大多数儿童使用 ICS。尽管建议尽可能使用带有间隔室的吸入器，但仍观察到幼儿使用雾化器的比例较高。最后，使用哮喘药物的儿童更有可能去急诊室或住院。
