Kras Katarzyna, Muszyński Siemowit, Tomaszewska Ewa, Arciszewski Marcin B
Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 12 Akademicka St., 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 13 Akademicka St., 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jan 1;12(1):101. doi: 10.3390/ani12010101.
Nesfatin-1, discovered in 2006, is an anorexigenic molecule derived from the precursor protein NEFA/nucleobindin2. It is generally postulated that this molecule acts through a specific G protein-coupled receptor, as yet unidentified. Research conducted over the last 15 years has revealed both central and peripheral actions of nesfatin-1. Given its major central role, studies determining its inhibitory effect on food intake seem to be of major scientific interest. However, in recent years a number of experiments have found that peripheral organs, including those of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), may also be a source (possibly even the predominant source) of nesfatin-1. This mini-review aimed to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the expression and immunoreactivity of nesfatin-1 and its possible involvement (both physiological and pathological) in the mammalian GIT. Research thus far has shown very promising abilities of nesfatin-1 to restore the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants, to interplay with the gut microbiota, and to alter the structure of the intestinal barrier. This necessitates more extensive research on the peripheral actions of this molecule. More in-depth knowledge of such mechanisms (especially those leading to anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects) is important for a better understanding of the involvement of nefatin-1 in GIT pathophysiological conditions and/or for future therapeutic approaches.
Nesfatin-1于2006年被发现，是一种由前体蛋白NEFA/核结合蛋白2衍生而来的厌食分子。一般推测该分子通过一种尚未确定的特定G蛋白偶联受体发挥作用。过去15年的研究揭示了nesfatin-1的中枢和外周作用。鉴于其主要的中枢作用，确定其对食物摄入抑制作用的研究似乎具有重大科学意义。然而，近年来一些实验发现，包括胃肠道（GIT）在内的外周器官也可能是nesfatin-1的来源（甚至可能是主要来源）。这篇综述旨在总结关于nesfatin-1在哺乳动物胃肠道中的表达、免疫反应性及其可能参与的生理和病理过程的现有知识。迄今为止的研究表明，nesfatin-1在恢复促氧化剂和抗氧化剂之间的平衡、与肠道微生物群相互作用以及改变肠道屏障结构方面具有非常可观的能力。这就需要对该分子的外周作用进行更广泛的研究。更深入了解这些机制（尤其是那些导致抗炎和抗凋亡作用的机制）对于更好地理解nesfatin-1在胃肠道病理生理状况中的作用和/或未来的治疗方法至关重要。
