Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jan 11;22(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12487-w.
Parental rearing is well documented as an important influencing factor of interpersonal sensitivity (IS). However, little research has focused on the extent by which various aspects of parental rearing in fluence IS. This study aimed to analyze the effects of parental rearing on IS, using quantile regression. We analyzed the extent of the influence of parental rearing on IS by quantile regression to provide definitive evidence on the family education of adolescents with IS problems.
The multiple cross-sectional studies were conducted among 3345 adolescents from Harbin, China, in 1999, 2006, 2009 and 2016. Furthermore, a multistage sampling method (stratified random cluster) was used to select participants. IS was assessed using a subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision. Perceived parental rearing was assessed using the Egna Minnen av. Barndoms Uppfostran. The ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression was used to determine the average effect of parental rearing on IS. The quantile regression was conducted to examine the established associations and to further explain the association.
Paternal emotional warmth was found to be associated with IS across the quantile, especially after the 0.6 quantiles; however, this association was not found for maternal emotional warmth. Paternal punishment was associated with IS at the 0.22-0.27 and 0.60 quantile; however, maternal punishment had no significant effect on IS. QR method found that paternal overinvolvement was associated with IS at the 0.48-0.65 quantiles, but paternal overprotection was associated with IS across the quantile; however, maternal overinvolvement and overprotection was positively correlated with IS at the 0.07-0.95 quantiles. The correlation between paternal rejection and IS was found at the 0.40-0.75 and > 0.90 quantiles; maternal rejection was associated with IS within the 0.05-0.92 quantiles.
Parental rearing practices predict different magnitudes of IS at varying levels. This study provides suggestions for parents to assess purposefully and systematically, intervene, and ameliorate adolescent IS problems. We also highlight the role of paternal rearing in children's IS problems, providing new ideas for family education.
父母养育方式是影响人际敏感（IS）的重要因素之一，这已得到充分证实。然而，很少有研究关注父母养育方式在多大程度上影响 IS。本研究旨在通过分位数回归分析父母养育方式对 IS 的影响，为有 IS 问题的青少年的家庭教育提供明确的证据。
本研究采用多阶段整群抽样方法（分层随机聚类），于 1999 年、2006 年、2009 年和 2016 年在中国哈尔滨抽取了 3345 名青少年进行多次横断面研究。采用症状自评量表-90 修订版（SCL-90-R）中的子量表评估 IS，采用养育方式问卷（EMBU）评估父母养育方式。采用普通最小二乘法（OLS）线性回归来确定父母养育方式对 IS 的平均影响。采用分位数回归来检验已建立的关联，并进一步解释关联。
父亲的情感温暖与 IS 呈跨分位数相关，特别是在 0.6 分位数之后；然而，母亲的情感温暖与 IS 无关。父亲的惩罚与 IS 呈 0.22-0.27 和 0.60 分位数相关；然而，母亲的惩罚对 IS 没有显著影响。QR 方法发现，父亲的过度卷入与 IS 呈 0.48-0.65 分位数相关，但父亲的过度保护与 IS 呈跨分位数相关；然而，母亲的过度卷入和过度保护与 0.07-0.95 分位数的 IS 呈正相关。父亲的拒绝与 IS 的相关性在 0.40-0.75 和>0.90 分位数之间；母亲的拒绝与 0.05-0.92 分位数的 IS 相关。
父母养育方式在不同水平上预测了 IS 的不同程度。本研究为父母有针对性和系统性地评估、干预和改善青少年 IS 问题提供了建议。我们还强调了父亲在儿童 IS 问题中的养育作用，为家庭教育提供了新的思路。
