Care of the critically ill neonate with hypoxemic respiratory failure and acute pulmonary hypertension: framework for practice based on consensus opinion of neonatal hemodynamics working group.

Circulatory transition after birth presents a critical period whereby the pulmonary vascular bed and right ventricle must adapt to rapidly changing loading conditions. Failure of postnatal transition may present as hypoxemic respiratory failure, with disordered pulmonary and systemic blood flow. In this review, we present the biological and clinical contributors to pathophysiology and present a management framework.