Department of Clinical Therapeutics, "Alexandra" Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
PLoS One. 2022 Jan 11;17(1):e0261649. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261649. eCollection 2022.
Research evidence has established the beneficial effects of diet in cancer prevention; various epidemiological studies have suggested that olive oil component could play a role in decreasing cancer risk. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the association between olive oil consumption, cancer risk and prognosis.
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases (end-of-search: May 10, 2020). Pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated with random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses and meta-regression analysis were also performed.
45 studies were included in the meta-analysis; 37 were case-control (17,369 cases and 28,294 controls) and 8 were cohort studies (12,461 incident cases in a total cohort of 929,771 subjects). Highest olive oil consumption was associated with 31% lower likelihood of any cancer (pooled RR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.62-0.77), breast (RR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.52-0.86), gastrointestinal (RR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.66-0.89), upper aerodigestive (RR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.60-0.91) and urinary tract cancer (RR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.29-0.72). Significant overall effects spanned both Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean participants, studies presenting a multivariate and a univariate analysis and all subgroups by study quality.
Olive oil consumption seems to exert beneficial actions in terms of cancer prevention. Additional prospective cohort studies on various cancer types and survivors, as well as large randomized trials, seem desirable.
研究证据已经确立了饮食在癌症预防中的有益作用；各种流行病学研究表明，橄榄油成分可能在降低癌症风险方面发挥作用。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在研究橄榄油消费与癌症风险和预后的关系。
在 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了系统搜索（搜索结束日期：2020 年 5 月 10 日）。使用随机效应（DerSimonian-Laird）模型估计合并相对风险（RR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。还进行了亚组分析、敏感性分析和荟萃回归分析。
荟萃分析纳入了 45 项研究；37 项为病例对照研究（17369 例病例和 28294 例对照），8 项为队列研究（929771 例受试者中共有 12461 例新发病例）。最高橄榄油摄入量与任何癌症发生的可能性降低 31%相关（合并 RR=0.69，95%CI：0.62-0.77），乳腺癌（RR=0.67，95%CI：0.52-0.86），胃肠道癌（RR=0.77，95%CI：0.66-0.89），上呼吸道和消化道癌（RR=0.74，95%CI：0.60-0.91）和尿路癌（RR=0.46，95%CI：0.29-0.72）。总体显著效应跨越了地中海和非地中海参与者、呈现多元和单变量分析的研究以及按研究质量划分的所有亚组。
橄榄油消费似乎对癌症预防具有有益作用。需要对各种癌症类型和癌症幸存者进行更多的前瞻性队列研究以及大型随机试验。
