Tanna Kajal Jitendrakumar
Department of Psychiatry, GMERS Medical College, Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
Ind Psychiatry J. 2021 Jul-Dec;30(2):299-304. doi: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_28_21. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
It can be a difficult task to provide care to the patients living with mental health issues, especially with chronic diseases such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder where the patient loses touch with reality.
The current study was aimed to assess the of burden of care that caregivers feel while giving care to the patients of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and to compare the difference in burden between these two conditions. The study also evaluated the factors affecting the caregiver's burden.
This was a cross-sectional interview-based study conducted at the psychiatry department of a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat among caregivers of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Each caregiver was given the Zarit-Burden Interview scale in vernacular language and asked to rate each statement from 0 to 4 where 0: never, 1: rarely, 2: sometimes, 3: quite frequently, and 4: nearly always. The final score was calculated and interpreted as: 0-21 - little or no burden, 41-60 - moderate to severe burden, and 61-88 - severe burden.
Data of the burden score were expressed as mean and standard deviation and compared using unpaired -test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for correlation between burden score and variables such as age, years of education, and duration of illness. The analysis was done using GraphPad version 3.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016.
A total of 210 caregivers reported the interview scale completely, of which 105 caregivers belonged to schizophrenia group and 105 were related to bipolar disorder. Average of burden score was 64.89 ± 15.7 and 59.11 ± 17.8 (maximum score: 88) in schizophrenia and bipolar group, respectively, and difference between the group was statistically significant. In both the groups, it was found that, with increase in the age of patients, caregiver's burden significantly increased.
Caregivers of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients feel a considerable burden of care with more burden felt by the caregivers of schizophrenia. The more vulnerable to burden are females, elderly, low-income groups, and patients in whom longer duration of care is required. The caregivers should receive an adequate support for maintaining their own mental health. they should be provided support for maintaining their mental health. Particularly, vulnerable are females, elderly, low-income groups, and longer duration of care. They should be provided with adequate support.
为患有精神健康问题的患者提供护理可能是一项艰巨的任务，尤其是对于患有精神分裂症和双相情感障碍等慢性疾病的患者，这些患者会与现实脱节。
本研究旨在评估精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的照料者在提供护理时所感受到的护理负担，并比较这两种疾病护理负担的差异。该研究还评估了影响照料者负担的因素。
这是一项基于访谈的横断面研究，在古吉拉特邦一家三级护理医院的精神科对精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的照料者进行。
每位照料者都收到了当地语言版本的 Zarit 负担访谈量表，并被要求对每条陈述从 0 到 4 进行评分，其中 0：从不，1：很少，2：有时，3：相当频繁，4：几乎总是。计算最终得分并解释为：0 - 21 - 几乎没有负担，41 - 60 - 中度至重度负担，61 - 88 - 重度负担。
负担得分数据以均值和标准差表示，并使用非配对 t 检验进行比较。Pearson 相关系数用于负担得分与年龄、受教育年限和病程等变量之间的相关性分析。分析使用 GraphPad 3.0 版本和 Microsoft Excel 2016 进行。
共有 210 名照料者完整报告了访谈量表，其中 105 名照料者属于精神分裂症组，105 名与双相情感障碍组相关。精神分裂症组和双相情感障碍组的平均负担得分分别为 64.89 ± 15.7 和 59.11 ± 17.8（满分：88），两组之间的差异具有统计学意义。在两组中均发现，随着患者年龄的增加，照料者的负担显著增加。
精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的照料者感受到相当大的护理负担，精神分裂症患者的照料者负担更重。女性、老年人、低收入群体以及需要更长护理时间的患者更容易承受负担。照料者应获得足够的支持以维持自身心理健康。应向他们提供维持心理健康的支持。特别是女性、老年人、低收入群体以及较长的护理时间，他们应得到充分的支持。
