School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2022 Jan 5;17:31-44. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S344257. eCollection 2022.
Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) have attracted considerable attention for various biomedical applications owing to their ease of synthesis, strong magnetic properties, and biocompatibility. In particular, IONPs can generate heat under an alternating magnetic field, the effects of which have been extensively studied for magnetic hyperthermia therapy. However, the development of IONPs with high heating efficiency, biocompatibility, and colloidal stability in physiological environments is still required for their safe and effective application in biomedical fields.
We synthesized magnetic IONP/polymer nanocomposites (MNCs) by embedding IONPs in a poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) matrix via nanoemulsion. The IONP contents (Fe: 9-22 [w/w]%) in MNCs were varied to investigate their effects on the magnetic and hyperthermia performances based on their optimal interparticle interactions. Further, we explored the stability, cytocompatibility, biodistribution, and in vivo tissue compatibility of the MNCs.
The MNCs showed enhanced heating efficiency with over two-fold increase compared to nonembedded bare IONPs. The relationship between the IONP content and heating performance in MNCs was nonmonotonous. The highest heating performance was obtained from MNC2, which contain 13% Fe (w/w), implying that interparticle interactions in MNCs can be optimized to achieve high heating performance. In addition, the MNCs exhibited good colloidal stability under physiological conditions and maintained their heating efficiency during 48 h of incubation in cell culture medium. Both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed excellent biocompatibility of the MNC.
Our nanocomposites, comprising biocompatible IONPs and PLA, display improved heating efficiency, good colloidal stability, and cytocompatibility, and thus will be beneficial for diverse biomedical applications, including magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment.
由于合成简便、磁性强、生物相容性好，氧化铁磁性纳米粒子（IONP）在各种生物医学应用中引起了广泛关注。特别是，IONP 在交变磁场下会产生热量，其在磁热疗中的应用效果已得到广泛研究。然而，为了将 IONP 安全有效地应用于生物医学领域，仍需要开发具有高热效率、生物相容性和胶体稳定性的 IONP。
我们通过纳米乳液法将 IONP 嵌入聚（L-乳酸）（PLA）基质中合成了磁性 IONP/聚合物纳米复合材料（MNC）。改变 MNC 中 IONP 的含量（Fe：9-22[w/w]%），以考察其基于最佳粒子间相互作用对磁性能和热疗性能的影响。此外，我们还研究了 MNC 的稳定性、细胞相容性、生物分布和体内组织相容性。
MNC 的加热效率得到了显著提高，比未嵌入的裸 IONP 提高了两倍以上。MNC 中 IONP 含量与加热性能之间的关系是非单调的。MNC2 中 IONP 含量为 13%（w/w）时，加热性能最高，这表明 MNC 中的粒子间相互作用可以得到优化，从而实现高热疗性能。此外，MNC 在生理条件下表现出良好的胶体稳定性，并在细胞培养基中孵育 48 小时期间保持其加热效率。体外和体内研究均表明 MNC 具有良好的生物相容性。
我们的纳米复合材料由生物相容性的 IONP 和 PLA 组成，具有提高的加热效率、良好的胶体稳定性和细胞相容性，因此将有益于各种生物医学应用，包括癌症治疗的磁热疗。
