Kira Ibrahim A, Shuwiekh Hanaa A M, Ahmed Shereen Abd Elwahab, Ebada Eman Ezzat, Tantawy Shireen Farouk, Waheep Nevein Nirouz, Ashby Jeffrey S
Center for Cumulative Trauma Studies, 4906 Woodhurst Way, Stone Mountain, GA 30088 USA.
Affiliate of Center for Stress, Trauma and Resiliency, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA USA.
Int J Ment Health Addict. 2022 Jan 8:1-22. doi: 10.1007/s11469-021-00712-x.
The current study aimed to explore how COVID-19-traumatized populations cope using a coping model based on wills to exist, live, and survive (WTELS) that leads to positive coping and posttraumatic growth (PTG). We used data from 11 Arab countries ( = 2732), including Egypt ( = 831), and included measures for COVID-19 stressors (COVID-fear, economic, lockdown, and grief stressors), WTELS, resilience, religiosity, spirituality, social support, and PTG. We conducted ANOVA on the main sample to explore the differences between Arab countries, hierarchical regressions, and path analysis on the Egyptian subsample to test a model of the effects on WTELS. In the path model, WTELS was the independent variable. Other coping strategies were mediating variables, and COVID-19 stressor types were outcome variables. ANOVA on the main sample indicated that Egypt was the highest on COVID-19 stressors (infection fears, economic, lockdown, and grief stressors), actual infection, and WTELS. Hierarchical regression indicated that social support, resilience, and WTELS were positive predictors of PTG, with WTELS had the highest effect size (β = .41) and WTELS being a negative predictor of COVID-19 stressors, while resilience and social support were not. Path analysis indicated that WTELS predicted higher religiosity, spirituality, social support, resilience, and lower COVID-19 stressors. Religiosity predicted higher spirituality, social support, and resilience and lower COVID-19 stressors. Interfaith spirituality predicted higher resilience and lower COVID-19 grief stressors. The results validated the central role of WTELS. Results helped to identify potentially effective interventions with COVID-19 victims that focus on WTELS, spirituality, and religiosity.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11469-021-00712-x.
当前研究旨在探讨受新冠疫情创伤的人群如何运用基于生存意愿、生活意愿和求生意愿（WTELS）的应对模型进行应对，该模型可带来积极应对和创伤后成长（PTG）。我们使用了来自11个阿拉伯国家（n = 2732）的数据，其中包括埃及（n = 831），并纳入了新冠疫情应激源（新冠恐惧、经济、封锁和悲伤应激源）、WTELS、心理韧性、宗教信仰、精神性、社会支持和PTG的测量指标。我们对主要样本进行方差分析以探究阿拉伯国家之间的差异，对埃及子样本进行层次回归和路径分析以检验对WTELS的影响模型。在路径模型中，WTELS是自变量。其他应对策略是中介变量，新冠疫情应激源类型是结果变量。对主要样本的方差分析表明，埃及在新冠疫情应激源（感染恐惧、经济、封锁和悲伤应激源）、实际感染和WTELS方面得分最高。层次回归表明，社会支持、心理韧性和WTELS是PTG的积极预测因素，其中WTELS的效应量最高（β = 0.41），且WTELS是新冠疫情应激源的负向预测因素，而心理韧性和社会支持则不是。路径分析表明，WTELS预测更高的宗教信仰、精神性、社会支持、心理韧性以及更低的新冠疫情应激源。宗教信仰预测更高的精神性、社会支持和心理韧性以及更低的新冠疫情应激源。跨信仰精神性预测更高的心理韧性和更低的新冠疫情悲伤应激源。结果验证了WTELS的核心作用。研究结果有助于确定针对新冠疫情受害者的潜在有效干预措施，这些措施侧重于WTELS、精神性和宗教信仰。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11469-021-00712-x获取的补充材料。
