University of Wisconsin, Madison.
J Athl Train. 2022 Jan 1;57(1):51-58. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0121.21.
During the fall of 2020, some high schools across the United States allowed their students to participate in interscholastic sports while others cancelled or postponed their sport programs due to concerns regarding COVID-19 transmission. What effect this has had on the physical and mental health of adolescents is unknown.
To identify the effect of playing a sport during the COVID-19 pandemic on the health of student-athletes.
Cross-sectional study.
Sample recruited via email.
A total of 559 Wisconsin high school athletes (age = 15.7 ± 1.2 years, female = 43.6%, male = 56.4%) from 44 high schools completed an online survey in October 2020. A total of 171 (30.6%) athletes played (PLY) a fall sport, while 388 (69.4%) did not play (DNP).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Demographic data included sex, grade, and sport(s) played. Assessments were the General Anxiety Disorder-7 Item for anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item for depression, the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale for physical activity, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 for quality of life. Univariable comparisons between the 2 groups were made via t tests or χ2 tests. Means for each continuous outcome measure were compared between groups using analysis-of-variance models that controlled for age, sex, teaching method (virtual, hybrid, or in person), and the percentage of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch.
The PLY group participants were less likely to report moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (PLY = 6.6%, DNP = 44.1%, P < .001) and depression (PLY = 18.2%, DNP = 40.4%, P < .001). They also demonstrated higher (better) Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale scores (PLY = 23.2 [95% CI = 22.0, 24.5], DNP = 16.4 [95% CI = 15.0, 17.8], P < .001) and higher (better) Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory total scores (PLY = 88.4 [95% CI = 85.9, 90.9], DNP = 79.6 [95% CI = 76.8, 82.4], P < .001).
Adolescents who played a sport during the COVID-19 pandemic described fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression and had better physical activity and quality-of-life scores compared with adolescent athletes who did not play a sport.
2020 年秋季，美国一些高中允许学生参加校际体育活动，而另一些高中则因担心 COVID-19 传播而取消或推迟了体育项目。这对青少年的身心健康有何影响尚不清楚。
确定在 COVID-19 大流行期间参加体育运动对学生运动员健康的影响。
横断面研究。
通过电子邮件招募的样本。
2020 年 10 月，来自威斯康星州 44 所高中的 559 名高中生（年龄=15.7±1.2 岁，女性=43.6%，男性=56.4%）完成了一项在线调查。共有 171 名（30.6%）运动员参加了秋季运动，而 388 名（69.4%）运动员未参加（DNP）。
人口统计学数据包括性别、年级和运动项目。评估包括广泛性焦虑障碍 7 项用于焦虑，患者健康问卷 9 项用于抑郁，特殊外科医院儿科功能活动简要量表用于身体活动，儿科生活质量问卷 4.0 用于生活质量。通过 t 检验或 χ2 检验对两组间的单变量比较。使用控制年龄、性别、教学方法（虚拟、混合或面对面）和有资格享受免费或减价午餐的学生比例的方差分析模型，对每组的每个连续结果测量值的平均值进行比较。
PLY 组参与者报告中度至重度焦虑症状（PLY=6.6%，DNP=44.1%，P<.001）和抑郁症状（PLY=18.2%，DNP=40.4%，P<.001）的可能性较小。他们还表现出更高（更好）的儿科功能活动简要量表评分（PLY=23.2[95%CI=22.0，24.5]，DNP=16.4[95%CI=15.0，17.8]，P<.001）和更高（更好）的儿科生活质量问卷总分（PLY=88.4[95%CI=85.9，90.9]，DNP=79.6[95%CI=76.8，82.4]，P<.001）。
与不参加运动的青少年运动员相比，在 COVID-19 大流行期间参加运动的青少年运动员报告的焦虑和抑郁症状较少，身体活动和生活质量评分更高。
