Molino Binbin Z, Fukuda Junji, Molino Paul J, Wallace Gordon G
Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan.
Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan.
Front Med Technol. 2021 May 24;3:669763. doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.669763. eCollection 2021.
This review will focus on the targeted design, synthesis and application of redox polymers for use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. We define redox polymers to encompass a variety of polymeric materials, from the multifunctional conjugated conducting polymers to graphene and its derivatives, and have been adopted for use in the engineering of several types of stimulus responsive tissues. We will review the fundamental properties of organic conducting polymers (OCPs) and graphene, and how their properties are being tailored to enhance material - biological interfacing. We will highlight the recent development of high-resolution 3D fabrication processes suitable for biomaterials, and how the fabrication of intricate scaffolds at biologically relevant scales is providing exciting opportunities for the application of redox polymers for both and tissue engineering. We will discuss the application of OCPs in the controlled delivery of bioactive compounds, and the electrical and mechanical stimulation of cells to drive behaviour and processes towards the generation of specific functional tissue. We will highlight the relatively recent advances in the use of graphene and the exploitation of its physicochemical and electrical properties in tissue engineering. Finally, we will look forward at the future of organic conductors in tissue engineering applications, and where the combination of materials development and fabrication processes will next unite to provide future breakthroughs.
本综述将聚焦于用于再生医学和组织工程的氧化还原聚合物的靶向设计、合成及应用。我们将氧化还原聚合物定义为涵盖多种聚合材料，从多功能共轭导电聚合物到石墨烯及其衍生物，并且已被用于多种类型的刺激响应组织工程。我们将综述有机导电聚合物（OCPs）和石墨烯的基本特性，以及如何对其特性进行调整以增强材料与生物的界面作用。我们将重点介绍适用于生物材料的高分辨率3D制造工艺的最新进展，以及在生物相关尺度上制造复杂支架如何为氧化还原聚合物在再生医学和组织工程中的应用提供令人兴奋的机会。我们将讨论OCPs在生物活性化合物的控释中的应用，以及对细胞进行电刺激和机械刺激以驱动细胞行为和过程，从而生成特定功能组织。我们将重点介绍石墨烯在组织工程应用中的相对较新的进展，以及在组织工程中对其物理化学和电学性质的利用。最后，我们将展望有机导体在组织工程应用中的未来，以及材料开发和制造工艺的结合接下来将在何处实现未来的突破。
