Carter Annie, Butler Amanda, Willoughby Melissa, Janca Emilia, Kinner Stuart A, Southalan Louise, Fazel Seena, Borschmann Rohan
Justice Health Unit, Centre for Health Equity; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Jan 14;44:101266. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101266. eCollection 2022 Feb.
People who experience incarceration die by suicide at a higher rate than those who have no prior criminal justice system contact, but little is known about the effectiveness of interventions in other criminal justice settings. We aimed to synthesise evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions to reduce suicide and suicide-related behaviours among people in contact with the criminal justice system.
We searched Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and grey literature databases for articles published between 1 January 2000 and 1 June 2021. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020185989).
Thirty-eight studies (36 primary research articles, two grey literature reports) met our inclusion criteria, 23 of which were conducted in adult custodial settings in high-income, Western countries. Four studies were randomised controlled trials. Two-thirds of studies (n=26, 68%) were assessed as medium quality, 11 (29%) were assessed as high quality, and one (3%) was assessed as low quality. Most had considerable methodological limitations and very few interventions had been rigorously evaluated; as such, drawing robust conclusions about the efficacy of interventions was difficult.
More high-quality evidence from criminal justice settings other than adult prisons, particularly from low- and middle-income countries, should be considered a priority for future research.
This work was funded by the Australian government's National Suicide Prevention Taskforce. RB is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Emerging Leader Investigator Grant (EL2; GNT2008073). MW is supported by a NHMRC Postgraduate Scholarship (GNT1151103). SF was funded by the NIHR HTA Programme (HTA Project:16/159/09).
有过监禁经历的人自杀率高于那些未曾与刑事司法系统有过接触的人，但对于其他刑事司法环境中干预措施的效果知之甚少。我们旨在综合关于减少与刑事司法系统有接触的人群中自杀及自杀相关行为的干预措施有效性的证据。
我们检索了Embase、PsycINFO、MEDLINE和灰色文献数据库，查找2000年1月1日至2021年6月1日期间发表的文章。该方案已在国际系统评价注册平台（PROSPERO）注册（注册号：CRD42020185989）。
38项研究（36篇原创研究文章、2篇灰色文献报告）符合我们的纳入标准，其中23项在高收入西方国家的成人监禁场所进行。4项研究为随机对照试验。三分之二的研究（n = 26，68%）被评估为中等质量，11项（29%）被评估为高质量，1项（3%）被评估为低质量。大多数研究存在相当大的方法学局限性，很少有干预措施经过严格评估；因此，很难就干预措施的效果得出有力结论。
除成人监狱外，来自其他刑事司法环境，特别是来自低收入和中等收入国家的更多高质量证据应被视为未来研究的重点。
这项工作由澳大利亚政府的国家自杀预防特别工作组资助。RB得到了澳大利亚国家卫生与医学研究委员会（NHMRC）新兴领导者研究员资助（EL2；GNT2008073）。MW得到了NHMRC研究生奖学金（GNT1151103）的支持。SF由英国国家卫生研究院卫生技术评估项目（HTA项目：16/159/09）资助。
