Hospital Memorial Arthur Ramos, Serviço de Cirurgia Bariátrica - Maceió - Alagoas - Brasil.
Centro Universitário Tiradentes-UNIT/AL, Curso de Medicina - Maceió - Alagoas - Brasil.
Arq Bras Cir Dig. 2022 Jan 31;34(4):e1627. doi: 10.1590/0102-672020210002e1627. eCollection 2022.
Obesity is a disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat, which is harmful to health, and it has grown significantly in the past years in the majority of countries. The surgery should be recommended to those patients with obesity who did not succeed in conservative clinical therapy after a rigorous analysis by a multidisciplinary team. The aim of this study was to compare metabolic results, weight loss, and parameters associated with obesity in the preoperative and postoperative periods of patients treated with bariatric surgery.
This was a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative study through consultation medical records. Data were collected from May to September 2020 from individuals treated with bariatric surgery in a period of 15 years (from 2003 to 2018). A comparative and descriptive statistical analysis of anthropometric, metabolic, biochemical, and associated morbidities was performed.
The majority of patients were female (68.50%). In both sexes, the highest prevalence was found in the age group of 30-39 years and more than half had grade III obesity. The surgical technique used was gastroplasty with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. After 4 months, there was a significant reduction in the lipid profile, anthropometric parameters, and liver enzymes in both sexes, which remained decreasing till the end of the first year, with marked improvement in the metabolic syndrome (MS).
The positive impact resulted from gastroplasty in terms of weight loss, reduction of body mass index, and lipid profile is quite relevant after 4 months and it is maintained until 1 year after the procedure, showing benefits in reducing the risk factors of the MS.
肥胖是一种以体脂肪过度积累为特征的疾病，对健康有害，在过去几年中，大多数国家的肥胖发病率都显著上升。对于经过多学科团队严格分析后，保守临床治疗无效的肥胖患者，应推荐进行手术。本研究旨在比较肥胖患者接受减重手术后的代谢结果、体重减轻和与肥胖相关的参数。
这是一项回顾性、描述性、横断面和定量研究，通过查阅病历进行。2020 年 5 月至 9 月，从 15 年内（2003 年至 2018 年）接受过减重手术的个体中收集数据。对人体测量学、代谢、生化和相关合并症进行了比较和描述性统计分析。
大多数患者为女性（68.50%）。在男女两性中，发病率最高的年龄组为 30-39 岁，超过一半的患者为 III 级肥胖。使用的手术技术是胃旁路手术和 Roux-en-Y 胃旁路术。术后 4 个月，两性的血脂谱、人体测量参数和肝酶均显著降低，且直至术后 1 年持续下降，代谢综合征（MS）明显改善。
胃旁路术在减肥、降低体重指数和血脂谱方面的积极影响在术后 4 个月非常显著，并持续到术后 1 年，对降低 MS 的危险因素有明显益处。
