Mukherjee Pulok K, Efferth Thomas, Das Bhaskar, Kar Amit, Ghosh Suparna, Singha Seha, Debnath Pradip, Sharma Nanaocha, Bhardwaj Pardeep Kumar, Haldar Pallab Kanti
Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal-795001, India; School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Phytomedicine. 2022 Apr;98:153930. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153930. Epub 2022 Jan 5.
The worldwide corona virus disease outbreak, generally known as COVID-19 pandemic outbreak resulted in a major health crisis globally. The morbidity and transmission modality of COVID-19 appear more severe and uncontrollable. The respiratory failure and following cardiovascular complications are the main pathophysiology of this deadly disease. Several therapeutic strategies are put forward for the development of safe and effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2 virus from the pharmacological view point but till date there are no specific treatment regimen developed for this viral infection.
The present review emphasizes the role of herbs and herbs-derived secondary metabolites in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 virus and also for the management of post-COVID-19 related complications. This approach will foster and ensure the safeguards of using medicinal plant resources to support the healthcare system. Plant-derived phytochemicals have already been reported to prevent the viral infection and to overcome the post-COVID complications like parkinsonism, kidney and heart failure, liver and lungs injury and mental problems. In this review, we explored mechanistic approaches of herbal medicines and their phytocomponenets as antiviral and post-COVID complications by modulating the immunological and inflammatory states.
Studies related to diagnosis and treatment guidelines issued for COVID-19 by different traditional system of medicine were included. The information was gathered from pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions approaches. The gathered information sorted based on therapeutic application of herbs and their components against SARSCoV-2 and COVID-19 related complications.
A systemic search of published literature was conducted from 2003 to 2021 using different literature database like Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science to emphasize relevant articles on medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and Post-COVID related complications.
Collected published literature from 2003 onwards yielded with total 625 articles, from more than 18 countries. Among these 625 articles, more than 95 medicinal plants and 25 active phytomolecules belong to 48 plant families. Reports on the therapeutic activity of the medicinal plants belong to the Lamiaceae family (11 reports), which was found to be maximum reported from 4 different countries including India, China, Australia, and Morocco. Other reports on the medicinal plant of Asteraceae (7 reports), Fabaceae (8 reports), Piperaceae (3 reports), Zingiberaceae (3 reports), Ranunculaceae (3 reports), Meliaceae (4 reports) were found, which can be explored for the development of safe and efficacious products targeting COVID-19.
Keeping in mind that the natural alternatives are in the priority for the management and prevention of the COVID-19, the present review may help to develop an alternative approach for the management of COVID-19 viral infection and post-COVID complications from a mechanistic point of view.
全球冠状病毒病爆发，即通常所说的新冠疫情大流行，在全球范围内引发了重大健康危机。新冠病毒的发病率和传播方式似乎更为严重且难以控制。呼吸衰竭及随之而来的心血管并发症是这种致命疾病的主要病理生理过程。从药理学角度提出了几种治疗策略，以研发针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒的安全有效治疗方法，但迄今为止，尚未针对这种病毒感染制定出具体的治疗方案。
本综述强调草药及其衍生的次生代谢产物在抑制SARS-CoV-2病毒以及管理新冠后相关并发症方面的作用。这种方法将促进并确保利用药用植物资源来支持医疗保健系统。据报道，植物源植物化学物质可预防病毒感染，并克服新冠后的并发症，如帕金森症、肾衰竭和心力衰竭、肝肺损伤及精神问题。在本综述中，我们探讨了草药及其植物成分通过调节免疫和炎症状态作为抗病毒及治疗新冠后并发症的作用机制。
纳入了不同传统医学体系发布的与新冠诊断和治疗指南相关的研究。信息收集自药理学或非药理学干预方法。收集到的信息根据草药及其成分对SARS-CoV-2和新冠相关并发症的治疗应用进行分类。
使用谷歌学术、PubMed、科学Direct、Scopus和科学网等不同文献数据库，对2003年至2021年发表的文献进行系统检索，以强调关于药用植物抗SARS-CoV-2病毒感染及新冠后相关并发症的相关文章。
从2003年起收集的已发表文献共625篇，来自18个以上国家。在这625篇文章中，95种以上药用植物和25种活性植物分子属于48个植物科。关于唇形科药用植物治疗活性的报道（11篇）最多，来自包括印度、中国、澳大利亚和摩洛哥在内的4个不同国家。还发现了关于菊科（7篇）、豆科（8篇）、胡椒科（3篇）、姜科（3篇）、毛茛科（3篇）、楝科（4篇）药用植物的其他报道，这些植物可用于开发针对新冠的安全有效产品。
考虑到天然替代品在新冠管理和预防中具有优先地位，本综述可能有助于从作用机制角度开发一种管理新冠病毒感染及新冠后并发症的替代方法。
