Xia Kai, Yu Li-Yuan, Huang Xin-Qi, Zhao Zhi-He, Liu Jun
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
World J Stem Cells. 2022 Jan 26;14(1):92-103. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.92.
Bone is a complex tissue that undergoes constant remodeling to maintain homeostasis, which requires coordinated multilineage differentiation and proper proliferation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Mounting evidence indicates that a disturbance of bone homeostasis can trigger degenerative bone diseases, including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. In addition to conventional genetic modifications, epigenetic modifications (, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the expression of noncoding RNAs) are considered to be contributing factors that affect bone homeostasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were previously regarded as 'transcriptional noise' with no biological functions. However, substantial evidence suggests that lncRNAs have roles in the epigenetic regulation of biological processes in MSCs and related diseases. In this review, we summarized the interactions between lncRNAs and epigenetic modifiers associated with osteo-/adipogenic differentiation of MSCs and the pathogenesis of degenerative bone diseases and highlighted promising lncRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic targets for bone diseases.
骨骼是一种复杂的组织，它会不断进行重塑以维持体内平衡，这需要间充质基质细胞（MSCs）进行协调的多谱系分化和适当的增殖。越来越多的证据表明，骨稳态的紊乱会引发包括骨质疏松症和骨关节炎在内的退行性骨疾病。除了传统的基因修饰外，表观遗传修饰（如DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA的表达）被认为是影响骨稳态的因素。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）以前被视为没有生物学功能的“转录噪音”。然而，大量证据表明lncRNAs在MSCs的生物学过程和相关疾病的表观遗传调控中发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了lncRNAs与MSCs成骨/成脂分化以及退行性骨疾病发病机制相关的表观遗传修饰因子之间的相互作用，并强调了基于lncRNAs的骨疾病诊断和治疗靶点的前景。
