Yin Jialing, Li Chengcheng, Ye Chunhong, Ruan Zhihui, Liang Yicong, Li Yongkui, Wu Jianguo, Luo Zhen
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan 528315, PR China.
Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2022;20:824-837. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.01.026. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
Since Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in late 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged public health around the world. Currently, there is an urgent need to explore antiviral therapeutic targets and effective clinical drugs. In this study, we systematically summarized two main therapeutic strategies against COVID-19, namely drugs targeting the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle and SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation in host cells. The development of above two strategies is implemented by repurposing drugs and exploring potential targets. A comprehensive summary of promising drugs, especially cytokine inhibitors, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), provides recommendations for clinicians as evidence-based medicine in the actual clinical COVID-19 treatment. Considering the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants greatly impact the effectiveness of drugs and vaccines, we reviewed the appearance and details of SARS-CoV-2 variants for further perspectives in drug design, which brings updating clues to develop therapeutical agents against the variants. Based on this, the development of broadly antiviral drugs, combined with immunomodulatory, or holistic therapy in the host, is prior to being considered for therapeutic interventions on mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it is highly acclaimed the requirements of the concerted efforts from multi-disciplinary basic studies and clinical trials, which improves the accurate treatment of COVID-19 and optimizes the contingency measures to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
自2019年末严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）被发现以来，2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行给全球公共卫生带来了挑战。目前，迫切需要探索抗病毒治疗靶点和有效的临床药物。在本研究中，我们系统总结了针对COVID-19的两种主要治疗策略，即针对SARS-CoV-2生命周期的药物和针对宿主细胞中SARS-CoV-2诱导的炎症的药物。上述两种策略的发展是通过药物重新利用和探索潜在靶点来实现的。对有前景的药物，尤其是细胞因子抑制剂和中药（TCM）进行全面总结，为临床医生在实际COVID-19治疗中作为循证医学提供建议。考虑到新出现的SARS-CoV-2变异株对药物和疫苗的有效性有很大影响，我们回顾了SARS-CoV-2变异株的出现情况和细节，以便在药物设计中提供进一步的视角，为开发针对变异株的治疗药物带来更新线索。基于此，开发广泛的抗病毒药物，结合免疫调节或宿主整体治疗，在考虑对SARS-CoV-2突变株进行治疗干预之前是优先考虑的。因此，高度赞扬多学科基础研究和临床试验共同努力的要求，这有助于提高COVID-19的精准治疗，并优化应对新出现的SARS-CoV-2变异株的应急措施。
