Houk V S, Claxton L D
Mutat Res. 1986 Mar;169(3):81-92. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(86)90087-x.
10 complex hazardous wastes were tested for mutagenic activity using a modified version of the TLC/Salmonella assay developed by Bjørseth et al. (1982). This fractionation/bioassay scheme couples thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome (Ames) assay for the detection of mutagenic constituents in complex mixtures. Crude (unadulterated) hazardous wastes and selected hazardous waste extracts were fractionated on commercially available cellulose TLC plates. Mutagenicity testing was performed in situ by applying a single overlay of minimal growth agar, tester strain TA98 or TA100, and the optional metabolic activation system directly onto the developed chromatogram. A mutagenic effect was indicated either by the appearance of localized clusters of revertant colonies or by an increase in total revertant growth vis-à-vis control plates. 7 of 10 hazardous wastes (including tars, emulsions, sludges, and spent acids and caustics) demonstrated mutagenic activity when tested by this method. To assess the sensitivity of the modified TLC/Salmonella assay, 14 Salmonella mutagens from a wide range of chemical classes and polarities were tested. Selected compounds included heterocyclics, aromatic amines, alkylating agents, antitumor agents, a nitrosamine and a nitroaromatic. 11 of the 14 mutagens were positive in this test system. The 3 compounds refractory to analysis included a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and two volatiles.
使用由比约瑟思等人（1982年）开发的TLC/沙门氏菌试验的改良版本，对10种复杂危险废物进行了致突变活性测试。这种分级分离/生物测定方案将薄层色谱法（TLC）与沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体（艾姆斯）试验相结合，用于检测复杂混合物中的致突变成分。将粗制（未掺假）危险废物和选定的危险废物提取物在市售的纤维素TLC板上进行分级分离。通过将一层最小生长琼脂、测试菌株TA98或TA100以及可选的代谢活化系统直接覆盖在展开的色谱图上，原位进行致突变性测试。致突变效应通过回复菌落的局部簇的出现或相对于对照平板回复生长总量的增加来表明。10种危险废物中的7种（包括焦油、乳液、污泥以及废酸和废碱）通过该方法测试时表现出致突变活性。为了评估改良的TLC/沙门氏菌试验的灵敏度，对来自广泛化学类别和极性的14种沙门氏菌诱变剂进行了测试。选定的化合物包括杂环化合物、芳香胺、烷基化剂、抗肿瘤剂、一种亚硝胺和一种硝基芳烃。14种诱变剂中的11种在该测试系统中呈阳性。3种难以分析的化合物包括一种多环芳烃和两种挥发性物质。
