Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2022 May;47(6):1169-1179. doi: 10.1038/s41386-022-01286-5. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
Emotion regulation is essential for successful social interactions and function, which are important aspects of middle childhood. The current study is one of the first to examine associations between neural correlates of implicit emotion regulation and indices of social behavior and experience during late middle childhood. We examined neural activation during the implicit emotion regulation condition of the Emotional N-back task using data from 8987 9- to 11-year-olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. The brain regions assessed included areas linked to social cognition, social behavior, and emotion recognition, including the amygdala, insula, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobe. Greater number of close friends was associated with significantly higher activation of the fusiform gyrus, insula, temporoparietal junction, inferior parietal lobe, and superior temporal gyrus during implicit emotion regulation. Greater reciprocal social impairments were linked to decreased fusiform gyrus activation during implicit emotion regulation. More experiences of discrimination were associated with a significantly lower activation in the middle temporal gyrus during implicit emotion regulation. This study provides evidence that both positive and negative indices of children's social experiences and behaviors are associated with neural correlates of implicit emotion regulation during late middle childhood. These findings suggest that both positive and negative indices of social behavior and experience, including those within and not within the youth's control, are associated with generally unique neural correlates during implicit emotion regulation.
情绪调节对于成功的社交互动和功能至关重要，而社交互动和功能是儿童中期的重要方面。本研究首次考察了在儿童中期晚期，内隐情绪调节的神经相关性与社会行为和社会经验指标之间的关联。我们使用来自青少年大脑认知发展研究的 8987 名 9 至 11 岁儿童的数据，检查了情感 N-回任务中内隐情绪调节条件下的神经激活情况。评估的大脑区域包括与社会认知、社会行为和情绪识别相关的区域，包括杏仁核、脑岛、颞中回和下顶叶。拥有更多亲密朋友与内隐情绪调节过程中梭状回、脑岛、颞顶联合区、下顶叶和颞上回的激活显著增加有关。互惠性社会障碍越大，内隐情绪调节过程中梭状回的激活越低。经历更多歧视与内隐情绪调节过程中颞中回的激活显著降低有关。本研究提供的证据表明，儿童社会经历和行为的积极和消极指标都与儿童中期晚期内隐情绪调节的神经相关性有关。这些发现表明，社会行为和经验的积极和消极指标，包括那些在青少年控制范围内和控制范围外的指标，都与内隐情绪调节过程中的一般独特的神经相关性有关。
