Guo Xin, Yan Zipeng, Wang Jixiang, Fan Xinfeng, Kang Jie, Niu Ruiyan, Sun Zilong
College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
Chin Med. 2022 Feb 9;17(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00575-x.
Buzhongyiqi decoction (BD), Sijunzi decoction (SD), and Shenlingbaizhu decoction (SHD) have been extensively used clinically for the treatment of diseases caused by spleen-Qi deficiency and microbial fermentation has historically been utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This study aimed to investigate the mitigative effect of TCM and fermented TCM (FTCM) with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and to select an optimal formula and then identify its compounds.
Dysbacteriosis in mice was induced by ceftriaxone sodium (CS). The mice were then treated with LP, BD, SD, SHD, fermented BD, fermented SD (FSD), and fermented SHD. Diarrhea indexes, the abundances of gut bacteria, intestinal morphometrics, and mRNA expressions of genes related to intestinal barrier function were assessed. Then, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) were employed to identify and relatively quantify the compounds in the selected decoctions.
CS significantly increased the fecal output weight, the total number of fecal output, and fecal water content, indicating the occurrence of diarrhea. Bacterial culture tests showed that the above symptoms were accompanied by the disruption of specific intestinal flora. TCM, LP, and FTCM alleviated the diarrhea index and recovered the intestinal microbiota. FTCM showed more advantageous than TCM or LP alone. The mRNA expressions of aquaporins (AQPs) and tight junctions (TJs) decreased by CS were enhanced by TCM, LP, and FTCM. In addition, through UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, (S)-(-)-2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, L-methionine, 4-guanidinobutyric acid (4GBA), and phenyllactate (PLA) in SD and FSD were identified and relatively quantified.
TCM, LP, and TCM fermented with LP alleviated CS-induced diarrhea symptoms, and improved the intestinal flora and barrier function. Four compounds including (S)-(-)-2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, L-methionine, 4GBA, and PLA in FSD, which were identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, might function in modulating intestinal flora and improving villi structure.
补中益气汤（BD）、四君子汤（SD）和参苓白术散（SHD）在临床上已被广泛用于治疗脾气虚引起的疾病，微生物发酵在传统中医（TCM）中历史悠久。本研究旨在探讨中药及植物乳杆菌（LP）发酵的中药（FTCM）对抗生素相关性腹泻的缓解作用，选择最佳配方并鉴定其化合物。
用头孢曲松钠（CS）诱导小鼠肠道菌群失调。然后用LP、BD、SD、SHD、发酵BD、发酵SD（FSD）和发酵SHD处理小鼠。评估腹泻指数、肠道细菌丰度、肠道形态计量学以及与肠道屏障功能相关基因的mRNA表达。然后，采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用（UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS）对所选汤剂中的化合物进行鉴定和相对定量。
CS显著增加粪便排出重量、粪便排出总数和粪便含水量，表明腹泻发生。细菌培养试验表明，上述症状伴有特定肠道菌群的破坏。中药、LP和FTCM减轻了腹泻指数并恢复了肠道微生物群。FTCM比单独使用中药或LP更具优势。CS降低的水通道蛋白（AQPs）和紧密连接（TJs）的mRNA表达通过中药、LP和FTCM得到增强。此外，通过UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS，鉴定并相对定量了SD和FSD中的（S）-（-）-2-羟基异己酸、L-甲硫氨酸、4-胍基丁酸（4GBA）和苯乳酸（PLA）。
中药、LP以及用LP发酵的中药减轻了CS诱导的腹泻症状，改善了肠道菌群和屏障功能。通过UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS鉴定的FSD中的四种化合物，包括（S）-（-）-2-羟基异己酸、L-甲硫氨酸、4GBA和PLA，可能在调节肠道菌群和改善绒毛结构中发挥作用。
