Ekuma Uchechukwu Onyeukwu, Ogbu Ogbonnaya, Oli Angus Nnamdi, Okolo Martin-Luther Oseni, Edeh Peter Anyigor, Al-Dahmoshi Hussein O M, Akrami Sousan, Saki Morteza
Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Science and Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
Department of Applied Microbiology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2022 Jan 31;2022:5743106. doi: 10.1155/2022/5743106. eCollection 2022.
The first 140 days of pregnancy are critical as regards rubella virus infection because of the likelihood of a poor pregnancy outcome. This study was undertaken to investigate the likelihood of exposure to poor pregnancy outcomes due to seroprevalence of rubella among selected pregnant women attending Mile Four Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The seroprevalence of rubella immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies was investigated among pregnant women. A total of 187 sera samples collected from the women were screened for rubella virus IgM antibody using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results obtained were analyzed using SPSS. The chi square test was performed at a value of 0.05 significance and at a 95% confidence interval. Of the 187 pregnant women, 35 (18.72%) were positive for the rubella virus. Pregnant women within 26-30 years of age had the highest prevalence (26.15%), while those aged 35-40 years had the least prevalence. Married women had the highest prevalence (20.0%), followed by singles (16.67%) and widows (15.38%), while divorced pregnant women recorded the least prevalence (9.20%). Pregnant women with no formal education were more predisposed to rubella virus (22.22%) infection compared to their educated counterparts. Occupationally, full-time housewives had the highest prevalence (24.26%). The infection rates seemed to wane as pregnancy advanced. The first trimester had the highest prevalence (21.88%), followed by the second trimester (18.84%) and the third trimester (17.44%). Pregnant women living in urban areas had higher IgM seroprevalence (20.18%) than those in rural areas (16.67%). Furthermore, grand multigravidas were more infected (22.73%) than primigravidas (14.52%) and multigravidas (20.39%). The seroprevalence of rubella in this study was high, and it calls for general surveillance and mass immunization of children and females of childbearing age in the area to help reduce the incidence of congenital rubella syndrome.
妊娠的前140天对于风疹病毒感染而言至关重要，因为存在妊娠结局不良的可能性。本研究旨在调查尼日利亚埃邦伊州阿巴卡利基迈勒四号医院选定的孕妇中，由于风疹血清阳性率而导致不良妊娠结局的可能性。对孕妇风疹免疫球蛋白M（IgM）抗体的血清阳性率进行了调查。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对从这些女性中收集的总共187份血清样本进行风疹病毒IgM抗体筛查。使用SPSS对获得的结果进行分析。卡方检验在显著性水平为0.05和95%置信区间下进行。在187名孕妇中，35名（18.72%）风疹病毒检测呈阳性。年龄在26 - 30岁之间的孕妇患病率最高（26.15%），而年龄在35 - 40岁之间的孕妇患病率最低。已婚女性患病率最高（20.0%），其次是单身女性（16.67%）和寡妇（15.38%），而离婚孕妇的患病率最低（9.20%）。未受过正规教育的孕妇比受过教育的孕妇更容易感染风疹病毒（22.22%）。在职业方面，全职家庭主妇患病率最高（24.26%）。随着孕期进展，感染率似乎逐渐下降。孕早期患病率最高（21.88%），其次是孕中期（18.84%）和孕晚期（17.44%）。居住在城市地区的孕妇IgM血清阳性率（20.18%）高于农村地区的孕妇（16.67%）。此外，经产妇比初产妇（14.52%）和经产妇（20.39%）更容易感染（22.73%）。本研究中风疹的血清阳性率很高，这就要求对该地区的儿童和育龄女性进行普遍监测和大规模免疫接种，以帮助降低先天性风疹综合征的发病率。
