University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
J Health Soc Behav. 2022 Dec;63(4):508-524. doi: 10.1177/00221465221075311. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
Affective polarization-the tendency for individuals to exhibit animosity toward those on the opposite side of the partisan divide-has increased in the United States in recent years. This article presents evidence that this trend may have consequences for Americans' health. Structural equation model analyses of nationally representative survey data from Pew Research Center's American Trends Panel (n = 4,685) showed heterogeneous relationships between affectively polarized attitudes and self-rated health. On one hand, such attitudes were directly negatively associated with health such that the polarized political environment was proposed to operate as a sociopolitical stressor. Simultaneously, affective polarization was positively associated with political participation, which in turn was positively associated with health, although the direct negative effect was substantially larger than the indirect positive one. These results suggest that today's increasingly hostile and pervasive form of partisanship may undermine Americans' health even as it induces greater political engagement.
近年来，美国的情感极化（即个人对党派分歧另一方表现出敌意的倾向）有所加剧。本文提出的证据表明，这种趋势可能会对美国人的健康产生影响。皮尤研究中心美国趋势小组（n = 4685）的全国代表性调查数据的结构方程模型分析表明，情感极化态度与自我评估健康之间存在异质关系。一方面，这种态度与健康直接呈负相关，因此有观点认为这种政治环境是一种社会政治压力源。同时，情感极化与政治参与呈正相关，而政治参与又与健康呈正相关，尽管直接的负面影响比间接的积极影响要大得多。这些结果表明，当今日益敌对和普遍的党派之争形式可能会破坏美国人的健康，即使它会促使人们更多地参与政治。
