School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia.
School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, 42610 Selangor, Malaysia.
J Integr Med. 2022 Jul;20(4):292-304. doi: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.02.002. Epub 2022 Feb 2.
Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth is a medicinal plant used to manage inflammatory illnesses such as conjunctivitis, and gastrointestinal and respiratory tract disorders in tropical and subtropical regions. However, little is known about its pharmacological mechanism of action against eye diseases. This review aims to critically discuss the phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of P. pellucida as well as its roles in the treatment of cataract, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Recent developments in the uses of P. pellucida for healthcare and nutraceutical products by the pharmaceutical industry are also covered in this review. For this review, a literature search was performed with PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder Scholar and Scopus databases, using relevant keywords. Among the various phytochemicals identified from P. pellucida, β-caryophyllene, carotol, dillapiole, ellagic acid, pellucidin A, phytol and vitexin exhibit strong pharmacological activities within the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB signalling pathways in inflammatory eye diseases. The antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic and anti-angiogenic activities displayed by P. pellucida extracts in many in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies suggest its potential role in the management of inflammatory eye diseases. P. pellucida extract was non-toxic against normal cell lines but displayed mild toxicity in animal models. The growing public interest in P. pellucida has inspired the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries to process the plant into health products. Although the potential pharmacological mechanisms against eye diseases have been summarized, further studies of the interactions among constituent phytochemicals from P. pellucida within various signalling pathways shall support the use of the plant as an alternative therapeutic source.
胡椒科梨果胡椒（L.）昆茨是一种药用植物，用于治疗热带和亚热带地区的眼部炎症，如结膜炎，以及胃肠道和呼吸道疾病。然而，对于其治疗眼部疾病的药理机制知之甚少。本综述旨在对胡椒科梨果胡椒的植物化学、药理学和毒理学以及其在白内障、青光眼和糖尿病性视网膜病变治疗中的作用进行批判性讨论。本文还涵盖了制药行业对胡椒科梨果胡椒在医疗保健和营养保健品中的最新应用。为了进行这项综述，我们在 PubMed、ScienceDirect、SciFinder Scholar 和 Scopus 数据库中使用相关关键词进行了文献检索。在从胡椒科梨果胡椒中鉴定的各种植物化学物质中，β-石竹烯、胡萝卜醇、大根香叶烯 D、鞣花酸、 pellucidin A、叶绿醇和牡荆素在眼部炎症的丝裂原激活蛋白激酶和核因子-κB 信号通路中表现出很强的药理活性。胡椒科梨果胡椒提取物在许多体外、体内和临床研究中表现出的降压、抗炎、抗氧化、降血糖和抗血管生成作用表明其在治疗眼部炎症方面具有潜在作用。胡椒科梨果胡椒提取物对正常细胞系无毒性，但在动物模型中显示出轻度毒性。公众对胡椒科梨果胡椒的兴趣日益浓厚，激发了营养保健品和制药行业将其加工成保健品。尽管已经总结了针对眼部疾病的潜在药理机制，但进一步研究胡椒科梨果胡椒中各种成分的植物化学物质在各种信号通路中的相互作用，将支持将该植物作为替代治疗来源的使用。
