Mulia Bongot Huaso, Widianti Ardyta, Manansang Jansen, Setiadi Dedi Rahmat, Yoelinda Vincentia Trisna, Nugraha Taufiq Purna, Karja Ni Wayan Kurniani, Arifiantini Raden Iis
Biology Reproductive Program, Post Graduate School, IPB University, Jl. Raya Dramaga, Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
Department of Life Sciences, Taman Safari Indonesia, Jalan Kapten Harun Kabir No.724 Cisarua 16750, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2021 Dec;14(12):3156-3163. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.3156-3163. Epub 2021 Dec 25.
The Javan leopard ( Cuvier, 1809) is a subspecies of spp., spread across the African and Asian regions. Information on reproductive aspects is crucial for wild animals, including the Javan leopard. In this study, we aimed to developelectroejaculator (EE) techniques and evaluate cryopreservation success in Javan leopard semen.
The semen of four adult Javan leopards was collected once a week using EE. Placement of the EE probe in the rectum was performed after ultrasound imaging (ultrasonography) to determine the prostate body location. The semen obtained was then evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Three Javan leopards were used for cryopreservation. The ejaculate was divided into two parts [i.e., one part diluted with AndroMed (Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany) and the other part with Steridyl(Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany)] at a 1:1 ratio immediately after collection and evaluation. The semen was then packed in a 0.25 mL MiniStraw (Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany) then equilibrated at 4°C for 2 h. After equilibration, the straw was then frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor. Frozen semen was then stored in containers until further evaluation.
The results showed that ejaculation response occurred at all levels of stimulation, while erections did not always occur. The fastest ejaculation and erection occurred at the fourth voltage. The macroscopic evaluation showed that the semen volume was 0.80±0.26 mL, cloudy white, pH 7.44±0.14, and with watery semen consistency. The microscopic evaluation showed that the sperm motility was 66.98±0.39%, with sperm viability of 75.6±1.79%. Sperm concentration was 62.17±46.95×10 mL with a total concentration of 42.14±23.51×10 cells. Normal sperm morphology is only 40.72±6.26%.
This study concluded that the development of a semen collection technique using an EE preceded by imaging of the EE probe location using ultrasound was effective for the ejaculation of Javan leopards. The characteristics of the semen of the Javan leopard showed moderate semen volume, sperm motility, and viability. Javan leopard showed low sperm concentration and normal sperm morphology.
爪哇豹（居维叶，1809年）是豹属的一个亚种，分布于非洲和亚洲地区。生殖方面的信息对包括爪哇豹在内的野生动物至关重要。在本研究中，我们旨在开发电刺激采精（EE）技术并评估爪哇豹精液的冷冻保存成功率。
每周使用EE对4只成年爪哇豹采集一次精液。在超声成像（超声检查）后将EE探头置于直肠内，以确定前列腺体的位置。然后对采集到的精液进行宏观和微观评估。使用3只爪哇豹进行冷冻保存。采集并评估后的射精立即按1:1的比例分为两部分[即一部分用AndroMed（德国米尼图布公司，蒂芬巴赫）稀释，另一部分用Steridyl（德国米尼图布公司，蒂芬巴赫）稀释]。然后将精液装入0.25 mL的MiniStraw（德国米尼图布公司，蒂芬巴赫）中，在4°C下平衡2小时。平衡后，将细管在液氮蒸气中冷冻。冷冻后的精液储存在容器中直至进一步评估。
结果表明，在所有刺激水平下均出现射精反应，但并非总是出现勃起。最快的射精和勃起出现在第四个电压水平。宏观评估显示，精液体积为0.80±0.26 mL，呈 cloudy white，pH值为7.44±0.14，精液质地似水状。微观评估显示，精子活力为66.98±0.39%，精子存活率为75.6±1.79%。精子浓度为62.17±46.95×10⁶/mL，总精子数为42.14±23.51×10⁶个。正常精子形态仅为40.72±6.26%。
本研究得出结论，在使用超声对EE探头位置进行成像后，采用EE开发的精液采集技术对爪哇豹射精有效。爪哇豹精液的特征显示精液体积、精子活力和存活率中等。爪哇豹精子浓度低且正常精子形态比例低。 （注：“cloudy white”此处原文有误，推测可能是“cloudy white”，暂译为“灰白色”）
