Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Clin Oral Investig. 2022 May;26(5):4147-4159. doi: 10.1007/s00784-022-04385-1. Epub 2022 Feb 14.
Dental treatments are inherently associated with the appearance of potentially infective aerosols, blood and saliva splashes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the quantitative contamination of protective eyewear during different dental treatments and the efficacy of the subsequent disinfection.
Fifty-three standardized protective eyewear shields worn by students, dentists and dental assistants during different aerosol-producing dental treatment modalities (supragingival cleaning, subgingival periodontal instrumentation, trepanation and root canal treatment and carious cavity preparation; within all treatments, dental evacuation systems were used) were analysed, using common forensic techniques. For detection of blood contamination, luminol solution was applied onto the surface of safety shields. A special forensic test paper was used to visualize saliva contamination. Further analysis was conducted after standardized disinfection using the same techniques. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
Macroscopically detectable contamination was found on 60.4% of protective eyewear surfaces. A contamination with blood (median 330 pixels, equivalent to 0.3% of the total surface) was detected on all shields after dental treatment. Between various dental treatments, the contamination with blood tend to be statistically significant (p = 0.054). Highest amount of blood was observed after professional tooth cleaning (median 1,087 pixels). Significant differences of saliva contamination were detected between the different measurements (p < 0.001) with contamination only after dental treatment. Due to the low variance and right-skewed distribution for saliva contamination, no statistical analysis between different treatments could be performed. After disinfection, 0.02% blood contamination and no saliva contamination were detected.
Disinfection is effective against blood and saliva contamination. Macroscopically, clean protective eyewear contains up to 12% surface contamination with blood. Based on the results, it may be concluded that protective eyewear is essential for each dental practitioner.
As standard for infection prevention in the dental practice, disinfection of protective eyewear after each patient is necessary.
牙科治疗会产生潜在感染性气溶胶、血液和唾液飞沫。本研究旨在调查不同牙科治疗过程中防护眼镜的定量污染情况，以及随后消毒的效果。
对学生、牙医和牙医助理在不同产生气溶胶的牙科治疗方式（龈上清洁、牙周龈下仪器治疗、磨牙和根管治疗以及龋齿腔制备；在所有治疗中，都使用了牙科排出系统）期间佩戴的 53 个标准化防护眼罩进行分析，使用常见的法医技术。为了检测血液污染，将发光氨溶液涂在安全眼罩的表面上。使用特殊的法医试纸来可视化唾液污染。使用相同的技术进行标准化消毒后进行进一步分析。使用 SPSS 进行统计分析。
在 60.4%的防护眼镜表面发现了肉眼可见的污染。在所有治疗后，所有护目镜上都检测到血液污染（中位数 330 像素，相当于总表面的 0.3%）。在不同的牙科治疗之间，血液污染有统计学意义（p=0.054）。在专业牙齿清洁后，血液污染量最高（中位数 1087 像素）。在不同测量之间检测到唾液污染存在显著差异（p<0.001），只有在进行牙科治疗后才会发生唾液污染。由于唾液污染的方差低且呈右偏分布，因此无法对不同治疗之间进行统计分析。消毒后，检测到 0.02%的血液污染和无唾液污染。
消毒对血液和唾液污染有效。在宏观上，干净的防护眼镜表面最多含有 12%的血液污染。根据结果可以得出结论，防护眼镜对每位牙科医生来说都是必不可少的。
作为牙科实践中感染预防的标准，每次治疗后都需要对防护眼镜进行消毒。
