Department of Urology, Shouguang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shouguang, Shandong Province, China.
Department of Medical Oncology, Shouguang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shouguang, Shandong Province, China.
Cancer Gene Ther. 2022 May;29(5):494-504. doi: 10.1038/s41417-022-00438-5. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
A deeper understanding of the interaction between tumor cell and the immune microenvironment in bladder cancer may help select predictive and prognostic biomarkers. The current study aims to construct a prognostic signature for bladder cancer by analysis of molecular characteristics, as well as tumor-immune interactions. RNA-sequencing and clinical information from bladder cancer patients were downloaded from the TCGA database. The single sample Gene Sets Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and Cell type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) were employed to separate the samples into two clusters. Lasso Cox regression was performed to construct an immune gene signature for bladder cancer. The correlation between key target genes of immune checkpoint blockade and the prognostic signature was also analyzed. Dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was retrieved for validation. Two immunophenotypes and immunological characteristics were identified, and a 17-immune gene signature was constructed to provide an independent prognostic signature for bladder cancer. The signature was verified through external validation and correlated with genomic characteristics and clinicopathologic features. Finally, a nomogram was generated from the clinical characteristics and immune signature. Our study reveals a tumor-immune microenvironment signature useful for prognosis in bladder cancer. The results provide information on the potential development of treatment strategies for bladder cancer patients. Prospective studies are warranted to validate the prognostic capability of this model, but these data highlight the role of the microenvironment in the clinical outcome of patients.
深入了解膀胱癌中肿瘤细胞与免疫微环境的相互作用，可能有助于选择预测和预后生物标志物。本研究旨在通过分析分子特征以及肿瘤-免疫相互作用，构建膀胱癌的预后签名。从 TCGA 数据库下载膀胱癌患者的 RNA-seq 和临床信息。使用单样本基因集富集分析（ssGSEA）和通过估计 RNA 转录本相对亚群的细胞类型鉴定（CIBERSORT）将样本分为两个簇。进行 Lasso Cox 回归以构建膀胱癌的免疫基因签名。还分析了免疫检查点阻断的关键靶基因与预后签名之间的相关性。从基因表达综合数据库（GEO）中检索数据集进行验证。确定了两种免疫表型和免疫学特征，并构建了一个 17 个免疫基因签名，为膀胱癌提供了独立的预后签名。该签名通过外部验证得到验证，并与基因组特征和临床病理特征相关。最后，根据临床特征和免疫签名生成了一个列线图。本研究揭示了一种用于膀胱癌预后的肿瘤-免疫微环境特征。结果为膀胱癌患者潜在治疗策略的发展提供了信息。需要前瞻性研究来验证该模型的预后能力，但这些数据强调了微环境在患者临床结局中的作用。
