Nantes Université, INSERM, Centeer for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France.
MSC-med, INSERM U7057, Universite de Paris, Paris, France.
Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 3;13:800018. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.800018. eCollection 2022.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been extensively studied in the last two decades. It is now well documented that they can actively participate in the activation or regulation of immune system functions through different mechanisms, the most studied of which include protein-protein interactions and miRNA transfers. The functional diversity of EV-secreting cells makes EVs potential targets for immunotherapies through immune cell-derived EV functions. They are also a potential source of biomarkers of graft rejection through donor cells or graft environment-derived EV content modification. This review focuses on preclinical studies that describe the role of EVs from different cell types in immune suppression and graft tolerance and on the search for biomarkers of rejection.
在过去的二十年中，细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 已经得到了广泛的研究。现在已经有充分的文献记载表明，它们可以通过不同的机制主动参与免疫系统功能的激活或调节，其中研究最多的包括蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和 miRNA 转移。EV 分泌细胞的功能多样性使得 EVs 成为通过免疫细胞衍生的 EV 功能进行免疫治疗的潜在靶点。通过供体细胞或移植物环境衍生的 EV 内容修饰，它们也是移植物排斥的生物标志物的潜在来源。这篇综述主要关注描述不同细胞类型的 EV 在免疫抑制和移植物耐受中的作用的临床前研究，以及对排斥标志物的研究。
