Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2022 Aug;64(8):944-949. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15177. Epub 2022 Feb 21.
The number of diagnoses of developmental disorders is on the rise and the use of labels for developmental disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder, is widening. Diagnostic labels can play an important role in helping those who display atypical behaviour and their caregivers to cope with associated challenges and, possibly, to get treatment. But these labels are increasingly contested and associated with a variety of harmful effects. In this paper, we analyze the role diagnostic labels can play in four different contexts (scientific, therapeutic, social, and administrative) and identify what various stakeholders stand to gain or lose with continued, expanded, or abolished use of those labels. Our analysis reveals labels serve different purposes in each of these contexts, benefitting different stakeholders. Any overall evaluation, critique, or defence of labels needs to consider the interests of all stakeholders in these contexts.
发育障碍的诊断数量正在上升，用于发育障碍的标签（如注意缺陷/多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍）的使用范围也在扩大。诊断标签在帮助那些表现出非典型行为的人和他们的照顾者应对相关挑战，以及可能获得治疗方面，可以发挥重要作用。但这些标签越来越受到争议，并与各种有害影响有关。在本文中，我们分析了诊断标签在四个不同背景下（科学、治疗、社会和行政）可能发挥的作用，并确定了在继续、扩大或废除这些标签的使用时，不同利益相关者可能获得或失去什么。我们的分析表明，标签在这些背景下的每个背景下都有不同的用途，使不同的利益相关者受益。对标签的任何总体评估、批评或辩护都需要考虑到这些背景下所有利益相关者的利益。
