Integrative Locomotion Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
PUMA SE, Innovation, Somerville, MA, USA.
Sports Med. 2022 Jun;52(6):1211-1218. doi: 10.1007/s40279-022-01657-4. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
The recent and rapid developments in track spike innovation have been followed by a wave of record-breaking times and top performances. This has led many to question what role "super spikes" play in improving running performance. To date, the specific contributions of new innovations in footwear, including lightweight, resilient, and compliant midsole foam, altered geometry, and increased longitudinal bending stiffness, to track running performance are unknown. Based on current literature, we speculate about what advantages these features provide. Importantly, the effects of super spikes will vary based on several factors including the event (e.g., 100 m vs. 10,000 m) and the characteristics of the athlete wearing them. Further confounding our understanding of super spikes is the difficulty of testing them. Unlike marathon shoes, testing track spikes comes with a unique challenge of quantifying the metabolic energy demands of middle-distance running events, which are partly anaerobic. Quantifying the exact benefits from super spikes is difficult and we may need to rely on comparison of track performances pre- and post- the introduction of super spikes.
近年来，钉鞋技术迅速发展，随之而来的是一波又一波的破纪录和顶尖表现。这引发了人们的质疑：“超级钉鞋”在提高跑步表现方面究竟起到了什么作用。迄今为止，尚不清楚鞋类的新创新，包括更轻、更有弹性和顺应性的中底泡沫、改变的几何形状和增加的纵向弯曲刚度，对田径跑步表现有何具体贡献。基于目前的文献，我们推测这些特点提供了哪些优势。重要的是，超级钉鞋的效果将因多个因素而异，包括项目（例如 100 米与 10000 米）和穿着者的特点。进一步使我们对超级钉鞋的理解复杂化的是对其进行测试的难度。与马拉松鞋不同，测试钉鞋具有量化中距离跑步项目（部分是无氧的）代谢能量需求的独特挑战。量化超级钉鞋的确切好处很困难，我们可能需要依靠引入超级钉鞋前后的田径表现比较。
