埃塞俄比亚东部一家三级医院急性中毒患者的治疗结果及相关因素：一项横断面研究
Treatment outcome and associated factors among patients admitted with acute poisoning in a tertiary hospital in Eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Nigussie Shambel, Demeke Fekade, Getachew Melaku, Amare Firehiwot
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Somali, Ethiopia.
出版信息
SAGE Open Med. 2022 Feb 17;10:20503121221078155. doi: 10.1177/20503121221078155. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Acute poisoning causes morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is scarce of information on acute poisoning in the study area.
OBJECTIVE
To assess treatment outcome and the associated factors among patients admitted with acute poisoning at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted. All acutely poisoned patients who had been admitted at the emergency department of Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included. Data were collected by review of medical records. Poor treatment outcome of acute poisoning was defined as the acutely poisoned patient was died, or survived with disability. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with the outcome of acute poisoning.
RESULT
A total of 175 patient's medical records were reviewed. Of these, 150 patient's medical records had complete information and were included in the final analysis. The majority of participants 89 (59.3%) were in the age group of 19-37 years. More than half of the participants 86 (57.3%) were females. Organophosphate was the most poisoning agent encountered in 62 cases. Acetaminophen was the predominant drug poisoning agent encountered in 10 participants. Among 30 patients managed with antidote, 18 patients were treated with atropine for organophosphate poisoning. Of all the poisoning cases admitted during the study period, 16.7% died. Participants who were poisoned by themselves were 2.4 times more likely to have poor treatment outcomes than those who were poisoned accidentally: 2.44 (95% confidence interval: 1.10-5.42). The odd of having poor treatment outcome in participants who were poisoned by drugs was 2.13 more likely: 2.13 (95% confidence interval: 1.21-3.32).
CONCLUSION
Organophosphate was the predominant cause of acute poisoning encountered in 62 cases. The modes of poisoning and drug poisoning were significant risk factors associated with poor treatment outcomes of acute poisoning.
引言
急性中毒在全球范围内都会导致发病和死亡。研究区域内关于急性中毒的信息匮乏。
目的
评估埃塞俄比亚东部希沃特·法纳综合专科医院收治的急性中毒患者的治疗结果及相关因素。
方法
开展了一项横断面研究。纳入了2016年1月1日至2020年12月31日期间在希沃特·法纳综合专科医院急诊科收治的所有符合研究纳入标准的急性中毒患者。通过查阅病历收集数据。急性中毒治疗效果不佳定义为急性中毒患者死亡或存活但有残疾。采用多因素逻辑回归分析来确定与急性中毒结果相关的因素。
结果
共查阅了175份患者病历。其中，150份患者病历有完整信息并纳入最终分析。大多数参与者89名（59.3%）年龄在19至37岁之间。超过一半的参与者86名（57.3%）为女性。有机磷是62例中最常遇到的中毒剂。对乙酰氨基酚是10名参与者中最主要的药物中毒剂。在30例使用解毒剂治疗的患者中，18例因有机磷中毒接受了阿托品治疗。在研究期间收治的所有中毒病例中，16.7%死亡。自行中毒的参与者治疗效果不佳的可能性是意外中毒者的2.4倍：2.44（95%置信区间：1.10 - 5.42）。药物中毒的参与者治疗效果不佳的几率高2.13倍：2.13（95%置信区间：1.21 - 3.32）。
结论
有机磷是62例中急性中毒的主要原因。中毒方式和药物中毒是与急性中毒治疗效果不佳相关的重要危险因素。
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