Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia.
Mar Drugs. 2022 Jan 26;20(2):102. doi: 10.3390/md20020102.
Marine algae are an excellent source of novel lectins. The isolation of lectins from marine algae expands the diversity in structure and carbohydrate specificities of lectins isolated from other sources. Marine algal lectins have been reported to have antiviral, antitumor, and antibacterial activity. Lectins are typically isolated from marine algae by grinding the algal tissue with liquid nitrogen and extracting with buffer and alcohol. While this method produces higher yields, it may not be sustainable for large-scale production, because a large amount of biomass is required to produce a minute amount of compound, and a significant amount of waste is generated during the extraction process. Therefore, non-destructive extraction using algal culture water could be used to ensure a continuous supply of lectins without exclusively disrupting the marine algae. This review discusses the traditional and recent advancements in algal lectin extraction methods over the last decade, as well as the steps required for large-scale production. The challenges and prospects of various extraction methods (destructive and non-destructive) are also discussed.
海洋藻类是新型凝集素的绝佳来源。从海洋藻类中分离出凝集素，扩展了从其他来源分离出的凝集素在结构和碳水化合物特异性方面的多样性。据报道，海洋藻类凝集素有抗病毒、抗肿瘤和抗菌活性。凝集素通常通过用液氮研磨藻类组织并用缓冲液和酒精提取来从海洋藻类中分离出来。虽然这种方法产量较高，但对于大规模生产可能不可持续，因为需要大量的生物质才能生产出微量的化合物，而且在提取过程中会产生大量的废物。因此，使用藻类培养液进行非破坏性提取可以确保凝集素的持续供应，而不会完全破坏海洋藻类。本文综述了过去十年中藻类凝集素提取方法的传统和最新进展，以及大规模生产所需的步骤。还讨论了各种提取方法（破坏性和非破坏性）的挑战和前景。
