影响尼日利亚成年人 COVID-19 疫苗接种率的因素。

Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine uptake among adults in Nigeria.

机构信息

Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KwaZulu- Natal, Durban, South Africa.

Directorate of Pharmaceutical Services, Lagos State Primary Healthcare Board, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2022 Feb 24;17(2):e0264371. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264371. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0264371

PMID:35202444

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8870459/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Emerging variants of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has claimed over 3000 lives in Nigeria and vaccination remains a means of reducing the death toll. Despite ongoing efforts by the government to ensure COVID-19 vaccination of most residents to attain herd immunity, myths and beliefs have adversely shaped the perception of most Nigerians, challenging the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine. This study aimed to assess the factors influencing the awareness, perception, and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine among Nigerian adults.

METHODS

A cross-sectional online nationwide study was conducted from April to June 2021 among Nigerian adult population using the snowballing method. Descriptive analysis was used to summarise the data. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to identify the predictors of COVID-19 uptake among the respondents. A p value <0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS

A total of 1058 completed forms were analysed and 63.9% were females. The mean age was 40.8 years±12.2 years. Most of the respondents (740; 69.5%) had satisfactory awareness of the vaccination exercise. The media was the main source of information. Health workers reported higher level of awareness (aOR = 1.822, 95% CI: 1.388-2.524, p<0.001). Respondents that are Christians and Muslims had better awareness compared to the unaffiliated (aOR = 6.398, 95% CI: 1.918-21.338, P = 0.003) and (aOR = 7.595, 95% CI: 2.280-25.301, p<0.001) respectively. There is average score for perception statements (566; 53.2%) towards COVID-19 vaccination. Close to half of the respondents (44.2%) found the short period of COVID-19 production worrisome. Majority of the respondents were willing to get the vaccine (856; 80.9%). Those without a prior diagnosis of COVID-19 had a lower willingness to get vaccinated (aOR = 0.210 (95% CI: 0.082-0.536) P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The study revealed a high level of awareness, willingness to receive the vaccine and moderate perception towards the vaccination activities. Influencing factors that significantly affects awareness were religion, occupation, education and prior diagnosis of COVID-19; for perception and willingness-occupation, and prior diagnosis of the COVID-19 were influencing factors.

摘要

背景

新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）的变异株已在尼日利亚造成 3000 多人死亡，接种疫苗仍然是降低死亡率的一种手段。尽管政府一直在努力确保 COVID-19 疫苗接种大多数居民以实现群体免疫，但各种神话和信仰对大多数尼日利亚人的看法产生了不利影响，挑战了 COVID-19 疫苗的接种率。本研究旨在评估影响尼日利亚成年人对 COVID-19 疫苗的认识、看法和接种意愿的因素。

方法

2021 年 4 月至 6 月，采用滚雪球法在尼日利亚成年人群中进行了一项横断面在线全国性研究。使用描述性分析对数据进行总结。单变量和多变量分析用于确定受访者中 COVID-19 接种的预测因素。p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

共分析了 1058 份完整的表格，其中 63.9%为女性。平均年龄为 40.8 岁±12.2 岁。大多数受访者（740 人；69.5%）对疫苗接种运动有满意的认识。媒体是信息的主要来源。卫生工作者报告的意识水平更高（优势比=1.822，95%置信区间：1.388-2.524，p<0.001）。与无宗教信仰者相比，基督教徒和穆斯林教徒的意识更好（优势比=6.398，95%置信区间：1.918-21.338，P=0.003）和（优势比=7.595，95%置信区间：2.280-25.301，p<0.001）。对 COVID-19 疫苗接种的看法的平均分数为 566（53.2%）。近一半的受访者（44.2%）认为 COVID-19 生产的短期时间令人担忧。大多数受访者愿意接种疫苗（856 人；80.9%）。没有 COVID-19 先前诊断的受访者接种疫苗的意愿较低（优势比=0.210（95%置信区间：0.082-0.536）P=0.001）。