Araújo Rúben, Bento Luís F N, Fonseca Tiago A H, Von Rekowski Cristiana P, da Cunha Bernardo Ribeiro, Calado Cecília R C
ISEL-Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1959-007 Lisbon, Portugal.
Medical Urgency Unit, São José Hospital, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1150-199 Lisbon, Portugal.
Metabolites. 2022 Jan 19;12(2):92. doi: 10.3390/metabo12020092.
Current infection biomarkers are highly limited since they have low capability to predict infection in the presence of confounding processes such as in non-infectious inflammatory processes, low capability to predict disease outcomes and have limited applications to guide and evaluate therapeutic regimes. Therefore, it is critical to discover and develop new and effective clinical infection biomarkers, especially applicable in patients at risk of developing severe illness and critically ill patients. Ideal biomarkers would effectively help physicians with better patient management, leading to a decrease of severe outcomes, personalize therapies, minimize antibiotics overuse and hospitalization time, and significantly improve patient survival. Metabolomics, by providing a direct insight into the functional metabolic outcome of an organism, presents a highly appealing strategy to discover these biomarkers. The present work reviews the desired main characteristics of infection biomarkers, the main metabolomics strategies to discover these biomarkers and the next steps for developing the area towards effective clinical biomarkers.
目前的感染生物标志物具有很大局限性，因为它们在存在诸如非感染性炎症过程等混杂因素的情况下预测感染的能力较低，预测疾病转归的能力较低，并且在指导和评估治疗方案方面的应用有限。因此，发现和开发新的、有效的临床感染生物标志物至关重要，尤其是适用于有发展为重症风险的患者和危重症患者。理想的生物标志物将有效地帮助医生更好地管理患者，减少严重后果，实现个性化治疗，最大限度地减少抗生素的过度使用和住院时间，并显著提高患者生存率。代谢组学通过直接洞察生物体的功能代谢结果，为发现这些生物标志物提供了极具吸引力的策略。本工作综述了感染生物标志物所需的主要特征、发现这些生物标志物的主要代谢组学策略以及将该领域发展为有效的临床生物标志物的下一步措施。
