两个尼日利亚州的学龄儿童和青少年的食品安全、饮食多样性、饮食模式和营养双重负担
Food Security, Dietary Diversity, Dietary Patterns and the Double Burden of Malnutrition among School-Aged Children and Adolescents in Two Nigerian States.
机构信息
Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Osun State, Nigeria.
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2022 Feb 14;14(4):789. doi: 10.3390/nu14040789.
BACKGROUND
Little evidence exists on the relationship between diet-related factors and child/adolescent malnutrition in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the associations between household food insecurity (HFI), dietary diversity (DD), and dietary patterns (DP) with the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among 6-19-year-olds in two Nigerian States.
METHODS
This community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 1200 respondents (6-19 years in age) in the Gombe and Osun States of Nigeria. HFI was assessed using the HFI access scale. DD was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. DP were determined by principal component analysis using a 30-day food frequency questionnaire. DP scores were categorized into quartiles (Q) for statistical analysis. Diet-related predictors of DBM were assessed using logistic regression.
RESULTS
HFI was experienced by 568 (47.3%) respondents. The median DD score was 7.0 (maximum of 14). Two DPs were identified, diversified DP (DDP) and traditional DP (TDP). TDP was significantly associated with both thinness (Q4:OR: 2.91; 95% CI: 1.52-5.55; Ptrend: 0.002) and overweight/obesity (Q4:OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.43-4.35; Ptrend: 0.007), while DDP was inversely related with thinness (Q4:OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.21-0.61; Ptrend: 0.008) as compared to Q1.
CONCLUSIONS
TDP increased the odds for DBM, while the DDP reduced the odds.
背景
在尼日利亚，关于饮食相关因素与儿童/青少年营养不良之间的关系，证据很少。本研究旨在评估家庭食物不安全（HFI）、饮食多样性（DD）和饮食模式（DP）与尼日利亚两个州 6-19 岁儿童青少年营养不良双重负担（DBM）之间的关系。
方法
本基于社区的横断面研究在尼日利亚贡贝州和奥孙州的 1200 名受访者（6-19 岁）中进行。使用 HFI 准入量表评估 HFI。通过 24 小时膳食回顾评估 DD。通过使用 30 天食物频率问卷的主成分分析来确定 DP。为了进行统计分析，将 DP 评分分为四分位数（Q）。使用逻辑回归评估与 DBM 相关的饮食预测因子。
结果
568（47.3%）名受访者经历了 HFI。DD 得分中位数为 7.0（最高为 14）。确定了两种 DP，多样化 DP（DDP）和传统 DP（TDP）。与消瘦（Q4：OR：2.91；95%CI：1.52-5.55；Ptrend：0.002）和超重/肥胖（Q4：OR：2.50；95%CI：1.43-4.35；Ptrend：0.007）显著相关，而 DDP 与消瘦呈负相关（Q4：OR：0.36；95%CI：0.21-0.61；Ptrend：0.008）与 Q1 相比。
结论
TDP 增加了 DBM 的几率，而 DDP 降低了 DBM 的几率。
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