Unidad de VIH, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Mexico.
Instituto de Investigación en Inmunodeficiencias y VIH (InIVIH), Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 May;132(5):3839-3852. doi: 10.1111/jam.15505. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
A remarkable increase in metabolic syndrome (MetS) has occurred in HIV-infected subjects. Gut dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. Therefore, the aim is to explore the profile of the gut microbiota in Mexican population with HIV infection and MetS.
In all, 30 HIV-infected patients with MetS were compared to a group of 30 patients without MetS, treated with integrase inhibitors and undetectable viral load were included in the study. Stool samples were analysed by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein >3 mg L and higher scores in cardiometabolic indices were associated with MetS. The group with MetS was characterized by a decrease in α-diversity, higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Prevotella, as well as a dramatic decrease in bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids. Prevotella negatively correlated with Akkermansia, Lactobacillus and Anaerostipes. Interestingly, the group without MetS presented higher abundance of Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Anaerofilum, Oscillospira and Anaerostipes. Functional pathways related to energy metabolism and inflammation were increased in the group with MetS.
HIV-infected patients with MetS present a strong inflammatory microbiota profile; therefore, future strategies to balance intestinal dysbiosis should be implemented.
代谢综合征（MetS）在感染 HIV 的人群中显著增加。肠道菌群失调与代谢紊乱的发病机制有关。因此，本研究旨在探索墨西哥 HIV 感染合并 MetS 患者的肠道微生物群特征。
共纳入 30 例接受整合酶抑制剂治疗且病毒载量不可检测的 HIV 感染合并 MetS 患者和 30 例无 MetS 的患者作为对照。采用 16S rRNA 下一代测序分析粪便样本。高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）>3mg/L 和心血管代谢指数评分较高与 MetS 相关。MetS 组的 α-多样性降低，肠杆菌科和普雷沃氏菌丰度增加，产生短链脂肪酸的细菌数量显著减少。普雷沃氏菌与阿克曼氏菌、乳杆菌和厌氧螺菌呈负相关。有趣的是，无 MetS 组的粪杆菌、瘤胃球菌、厌氧真杆菌、颤螺旋菌和厌氧螺菌丰度较高。MetS 组与能量代谢和炎症相关的功能途径增加。
合并 MetS 的 HIV 感染患者存在强烈的炎症性肠道微生物群特征；因此，应采取未来的策略来平衡肠道菌群失调。
