Department of Dentistry, Taipei City Hospital, No.145, Zhengzhou Rd., Datong Dist., Taipei City, 10341, Taiwan, ROC.
Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 28;12(1):3297. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-07425-8.
Preterm delivery of low-birth weight infants is considered a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates. Various studies have reported a positive correlation between periodontal disease (PD) and premature birth (PB) and yet no population-based study has assessed the impact of PD severity and treatments on premature birth. This cohort study used Taiwan's national medical records (1999-2012, included 1,757,774 pregnant women) to investigate the association between PD severity and PB. Women with PD during the 2-year period prior for giving birth were more likely to have PB (11.38%) than those without PD (10.56%; p < 0.001). After variables adjustment, the advanced PD group had OR of 1.09 (95% CI 1.07-1.11) for PB, the mild PD group had OR of 1.05 (95% CI 1.04-1.06), while no-PD group had OR of 1. Increased PD severity was related to higher risk of PB. When stratified by age, the highest ORs for PB were those aged from 31 to 35 years in both mild PD group (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.07-1.11) and advanced PD group (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.09-1.17). Improving periodontal health before or during pregnancy may prevent or reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and therefore maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
早产低体重儿被认为是新生儿发病率和死亡率的主要原因。多项研究报告称牙周病（PD）与早产（PB）之间存在正相关，但尚无基于人群的研究评估 PD 严重程度和治疗对早产的影响。本队列研究使用台湾国家医疗记录（1999-2012 年，包括 1757774 名孕妇）调查 PD 严重程度与 PB 之间的关系。在分娩前 2 年内患有 PD 的女性发生 PB 的可能性（11.38%）高于无 PD 的女性（10.56%；p<0.001）。在调整变量后，严重 PD 组发生 PB 的 OR 为 1.09（95%CI 1.07-1.11），轻度 PD 组发生 PB 的 OR 为 1.05（95%CI 1.04-1.06），而无 PD 组发生 PB 的 OR 为 1。PD 严重程度增加与 PB 风险增加相关。按年龄分层时，轻度 PD 组（OR=1.09，95%CI 1.07-1.11）和严重 PD 组（OR=1.13，95%CI 1.09-1.17）中年龄在 31 至 35 岁的个体发生 PB 的最高 OR。改善妊娠前或妊娠期间的牙周健康状况可能预防或减少不良妊娠结局的发生，从而降低母婴围产期发病率和死亡率。
