Cullen Mark R, Baiocchi Michael, Chamberlain Lisa, Chu Isabella, Horwitz Ralph I, Mello Michelle, O'Hara Amy, Roosz Sam
Center for Population Health Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Retired, USA.
SSM Popul Health. 2022 Jun;18:101047. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101047. Epub 2022 Mar 1.
Separated both in academics and practice since the Rockefeller Foundation effort to "liberate" public health from perceived subservience to clinical medicine a century ago, research in public health and clinical medicine have evolved separately. Today, translational research in population health science offers a means of fostering their convergence, with potentially great benefit to both domains. Although evidence that the two fields need not and should not be entirely distinct in their methods and goals has been accumulating for over a decade, the prodigious efforts of biomedical and social sciences over the past year to address the COVID-19 pandemic has placed this unifying approach to translational research in both fields in a new light. Specifically, the coalescence of clinical and population-level strategies to control disease and novel uses of population-level data and tools in research relating to the pandemic have illuminated a promising future for translational research. We exploit this unique window to re-examine how translational research is conducted and where it may be going. We first discuss the that has transpired in the research firmament over the past two decades and the these changes afford. Next, we present some of the -technical, cultural, legal, and ethical- that need attention if these opportunities are to be successfully exploited. Finally, we present some for addressing these challenges.
自一个世纪前洛克菲勒基金会努力将公共卫生从被认为隶属于临床医学的状态中“解放”出来后，公共卫生研究和临床医学研究在学术和实践上都各自发展。如今，人群健康科学中的转化研究提供了一种促进二者融合的方式，这对两个领域都可能带来巨大益处。尽管十多年来一直有证据表明这两个领域在方法和目标上不必也不应完全不同，但过去一年生物医学和社会科学为应对新冠疫情所付出的巨大努力，使这种两个领域统一的转化研究方法有了新的意义。具体而言，控制疾病的临床策略与人群层面策略的结合，以及在与疫情相关研究中人群层面数据和工具的新用途，为转化研究照亮了充满希望的未来。我们利用这个独特的契机重新审视转化研究是如何开展的以及它可能的发展方向。我们首先讨论过去二十年研究领域发生的变化以及这些变化带来的机遇。接下来，我们阐述如果要成功利用这些机遇，一些需要关注的挑战——技术、文化、法律和伦理方面的挑战。最后，我们提出应对这些挑战的一些建议。
