Okamura Memorial Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther. 2021;53(4):358-359. doi: 10.5114/ait.2021.108581.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is mainly transmitted through droplets and aerosols [1]. Viral RNA is predominantly detected in the oral and nasal cavities; however, it has also occasionally been detected in stool, urine, and lacrimal samples. Infection prevention through use of masks, handwashing, and social distancing may be challenging. Although a lockdown in urban areas can slow the spread of infection and allow time for preparing an adequate response, it is difficult to determine the optimal time for unlocking and lifting quarantine measures and to prevent further spread once people resume their daily schedules. As the virus is spreading worldwide, in part owing to asymptomatic carriers, the incidence of infection will likely continue to fluctuate until herd immunity is achieved, which may take several months to years [2].
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）主要通过飞沫和气溶胶传播[1]。病毒 RNA 主要在口腔和鼻腔中检测到；然而，它也偶尔在粪便、尿液和泪液样本中检测到。通过使用口罩、洗手和保持社交距离来预防感染可能具有挑战性。虽然城市地区的封锁可以减缓感染的传播速度，并为做好充分应对提供时间，但很难确定何时是解锁和解除隔离措施的最佳时机，以及在人们恢复日常生活后如何防止进一步传播。由于病毒在全球范围内传播，部分原因是无症状携带者的存在，感染的发病率可能会继续波动，直到实现群体免疫，这可能需要数月到数年的时间[2]。
