Mapipa Qaqamba, Digban Tennison Onoriode, Nnolim Nonso Emmanuel, Nontongana Nolonwabo, Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi, Nwodo Uchechukwu U
SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Curr Microbiol. 2022 Mar 8;79(4):123. doi: 10.1007/s00284-022-02815-7.
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) plays a significant part in nosocomial infections world over and is re-emerging as a formidable pathogen due to the wide range of antibiotic resistance factors it acquires and environmental resilience. The high attendance of patients (outpatients and inpatients) into the health care facilities formed the basis for the selection of the hospitals. Consequently, this study profiled the antibiogram and antibiotic resistance genes of A. baumannii isolated from selected hospital wastewater effluents. A total of twenty-four (24) wastewater samples from three selected hospital drainages were collected and analysed presumptively by culture-dependent methods for A. baumannii. The identity confirmation of A. baumannii was done by the amplification of recA and blaoxa-51 genes. Virulence and antibiotic resistance markers were assessed using polymerase chain reaction. A total of 53 A. baumannii isolates were confirmed and the highest antibiotic resistance profile was 93% (piperacillin). Multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) showed a range of 0.23 and 0.46. FimH virulence gene was detected in 29 (55%) of the isolates. Tetracycline and beta-lactam resistance markers were found; 70% and 92% of the isolates possessed tetA and ampC genes. The isolates showed high level of resistance to antibiotics. The multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) of ≥ 0.2 indicates that some of the isolates harbour virulence and resistance traits emerging from high-risk source thereby projecting a threat to public health.
鲍曼不动杆菌在全球医院感染中起着重要作用，由于其获得的广泛抗生素耐药因子和环境适应能力，正重新成为一种 formidable 的病原体。患者（门诊患者和住院患者）大量涌入医疗机构构成了选择这些医院的基础。因此，本研究分析了从选定医院废水排放物中分离出的鲍曼不动杆菌的抗菌谱和抗生素耐药基因。从三个选定医院排水口共收集了二十四（24）份废水样本，并通过依赖培养的方法对鲍曼不动杆菌进行了初步分析。通过 recA 和 blaoxa - 51 基因的扩增对鲍曼不动杆菌进行身份确认。使用聚合酶链反应评估毒力和抗生素耐药标记。共确认了 53 株鲍曼不动杆菌分离株，最高抗生素耐药率为 93%（哌拉西林）。多重抗生素耐药指数（MARI）范围为 0.23 至 0.46。在 29 株（55%）分离株中检测到 FimH 毒力基因。发现了四环素和β-内酰胺耐药标记；70%和 92%的分离株分别拥有 tetA 和 ampC 基因。这些分离株对抗生素表现出高度耐药性。多重抗生素耐药指数（MARI）≥0.2 表明一些分离株具有源自高风险源的毒力和耐药特性，从而对公众健康构成威胁。
