Wang Ruochong, Zhu Guiquan
Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Transl Cancer Res. 2022 Jan;11(1):262-275. doi: 10.21037/tcr-21-1843.
The Hippo-YAP pathway is fast becoming a key instrument in regulating cancers. Binary oppositions, also known as the Yin-Yang dynamics in Chinese, have emerged in its effects. Some oppositions are attributable to and experimental conditions, some are due to differences between cancers or species, some are derived from its inherent duality endowed by upstream and downstream signaling, and some are yet unresolved mysteries. However, as bewildering they are, few have been noticed and defined so far. In this review, we first look back on the Hippo pathway which was initially identified more than a decade ago. We then focus on tumor biology, especially some latest popular mechanisms that regulate tumor cell survival, such as ferroptosis, autophagy, and apoptosis. The third chapter is concerned with the findings of the relationship between the Hippo pathway and tumor immunity on the microenvironment in which tumor cells progress. In each of these main sections the contradictory points of the Hippo pathway are elucidated and thoroughly examined. On one hand, the Yin-Yang dynamics of the Hippo pathway brings about considerable challenges for current research; on the other hand, this work will generate fresh insight into it and offer opportunities for subsequent drug development for cancer and regenerative medicine.
Hippo-YAP信号通路正迅速成为调控癌症的关键工具。其效应中出现了二元对立，在中国也被称为阴阳动态。一些对立归因于实验条件，一些是由于癌症或物种之间的差异，一些源于其上下游信号赋予的内在二元性，还有一些仍是未解之谜。然而，尽管它们令人困惑，但到目前为止很少有人注意到并加以定义。在这篇综述中，我们首先回顾了十多年前首次发现的Hippo信号通路。然后我们关注肿瘤生物学，特别是一些调节肿瘤细胞存活的最新流行机制，如铁死亡、自噬和凋亡。第三章关注Hippo信号通路与肿瘤免疫在肿瘤细胞进展的微环境中的关系的研究结果。在这些主要部分中，Hippo信号通路的矛盾点都得到了阐明和深入探讨。一方面，Hippo信号通路的阴阳动态给当前的研究带来了相当大的挑战；另一方面，这项工作将为其带来新的见解，并为后续癌症药物开发和再生医学提供机会。
