Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Feb 26;14(5):996. doi: 10.3390/nu14050996.
The evidence about the association between dietary patterns and the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among Chinese adults is limited. In the present study, we analyzed the prospective data of 421,426 participants aged 30−79 years from the China Kadoorie Biobank. Factor analysis with a principal component method was employed to identify dietary patterns. Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed to explore the association between dietary patterns and incident COPD. Two dietary patterns were identified: the traditional northern dietary pattern was characterized by a low intake of rice and a high intake of wheat and other staple foods, while the balanced dietary pattern was characterized by a high intake of fresh fruit and protein-rich foods (soybean, meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products). During a median follow-up of 11.13 years, 5542 men and 5750 women developed COPD. After adjustments for potential confounders, the balanced dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of COPD (p for trend <0.001), with a hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.75 (0.67, 0.84) for those in the highest quintile compared with those in the lowest quintile. Such association was modified by sex, smoking status, and adiposity level.
有关饮食模式与中国成年人慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）发病率之间关联的证据有限。在本研究中，我们分析了来自中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）的 421426 名年龄在 30-79 岁的参与者的前瞻性数据。采用主成分法因子分析来识别饮食模式。采用 Cox 比例风险回归模型来探讨饮食模式与 COPD 发病的关联。确定了两种饮食模式：传统北方饮食模式的特点是大米摄入量低，而小麦和其他主食摄入量高，而平衡饮食模式的特点是新鲜水果和富含蛋白质的食物（大豆、肉、禽、鱼、蛋和奶制品）摄入量高。在中位随访 11.13 年期间，5542 名男性和 5750 名女性发生了 COPD。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，平衡饮食模式与 COPD 的风险降低相关（趋势 P<0.001），与最低五分位数相比，最高五分位数的 COPD 发病风险比（95%置信区间）为 0.75（0.67，0.84）。这种关联受到性别、吸烟状况和肥胖水平的影响。
