Hu Haibing, Xie Baozhu, Lu Yangtian, Zhu Jianxiong
Academy of Opto-Electric Technology, Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Display Technology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Imaging and Display Technology, Opto-Electric Display Industry Innovation Center, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Feb 25;12(5):781. doi: 10.3390/nano12050781.
Arsenic is extremely abundant in the Earth's crust and is one of the most common environmental pollutants in nature. In the natural water environment and surface soil, arsenic exists mainly in the form of trivalent arsenite (As(III)) and pentavalent arsenate (As(V)) ions, and its toxicity can be a serious threat to human health. In order to manage the increasingly serious arsenic pollution in the living environment and maintain a healthy and beautiful ecosystem for human beings, it is urgent to conduct research on an efficient sensing method suitable for the detection of As(III) ions. Electrochemical sensing has the advantages of simple instrumentation, high sensitivity, good selectivity, portability, and the ability to be analyzed on site. This paper reviews various electrode systems developed in recent years based on nanomaterials such as noble metals, bimetals, other metals and their compounds, carbon nano, and biomolecules, with a focus on electrodes modified with noble metal and metal compound nanomaterials, and evaluates their performance for the detection of arsenic. They have great potential for achieving the rapid detection of arsenic due to their excellent sensitivity and strong interference immunity. In addition, this paper discusses the relatively rare application of silicon and its compounds as well as novel polymers in achieving arsenic detection, which provides new ideas for investigating novel nanomaterial sensing. We hope that this review will further advance the research progress of high-performance arsenic sensors based on novel nanomaterials.
砷在地壳中含量极为丰富，是自然界中最常见的环境污染物之一。在天然水环境和表层土壤中，砷主要以三价亚砷酸盐（As(III)）和五价砷酸盐（As(V)）离子的形式存在，其毒性会对人类健康构成严重威胁。为应对生活环境中日益严重的砷污染问题，为人类维持一个健康美丽的生态系统，迫切需要开展适用于检测As(III)离子的高效传感方法研究。电化学传感具有仪器设备简单、灵敏度高、选择性好、便携以及可现场分析等优点。本文综述了近年来基于贵金属、双金属、其他金属及其化合物、碳纳米材料和生物分子等纳米材料开发的各种电极系统，重点介绍了用贵金属和金属化合物纳米材料修饰的电极，并评估了它们对砷的检测性能。由于其出色的灵敏度和强大的抗干扰能力，它们在实现砷的快速检测方面具有巨大潜力。此外，本文还讨论了硅及其化合物以及新型聚合物在实现砷检测方面相对较少的应用，为研究新型纳米材料传感提供了新思路。我们希望这篇综述能进一步推动基于新型纳米材料的高性能砷传感器的研究进展。
