Zhou Ying, Yang Meicui, Zhao Shihui, Shi Haoran, Li Yun, Gong Wanzhuo, Yang Jin, Wang Jisheng, Zou Qiong, Tao Lanrong, Kang Zeming, Tang Rong, Guo Shixing, Fu Shaohong
Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu Research Branch, National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center, Chengdu 611130, China.
College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Mar 4;11(5):695. doi: 10.3390/plants11050695.
Interspecific hybridization of rapeseed is an important way to innovate breeding resources. This research used and for artificial synthesis interspecific hybridization of F. The F self-fruiting rate was particularly low. By comparing the fertilization rate and seed setting rate of nine crosses and selfing combinations of interspecific hybrid progeny F and control , the results proved that the genetic stability of egg cells was greater than that of sperm cells, so the F could get seed by artificial pollination with other normal pollen. Based on these results, interspecific maternal inbred offspring (induced F) from egg cells was obtained by emasculation and pollination with the pollen of DH inducer Y3380. It was found through morphological analysis, flow cytometry identification, and meiotic observation of induced F, the plants had most normal fertile tetraploid and the meiosis was normal. The FISH results showed that the induced F were (2n = 4x = 38, AACC), 20 A and 19 C chromosomes. The results of SNP chip detection and genetic cluster analysis found that the genetic variation between interspecies could be preserved or broadened in the induced F. The use of DH inducer created special breeding resources for interspecific hybridization and distant hybridization of rapeseed while shortening time, improving efficiency, and providing a new insight into innovate breeding resources.
油菜种间杂交是创新育种资源的重要途径。本研究利用[具体品种1]和[具体品种2]进行人工合成种间杂交获得F。F自交结实率极低。通过比较种间杂种后代F的9个杂交和自交组合以及对照[对照品种]的受精率和结实率，结果证明卵细胞的遗传稳定性大于精细胞，因此F可通过用其他正常花粉人工授粉获得种子。基于这些结果，通过去雄并用DH诱导系Y3380的花粉授粉，从卵细胞获得了种间母本自交后代（诱导F）。通过对诱导F进行形态分析、流式细胞术鉴定和减数分裂观察发现，植株大多为正常可育四倍体且减数分裂正常。荧光原位杂交结果显示，诱导F为（2n = 4x = 38，AACC），有20条A染色体和19条C染色体。SNP芯片检测和遗传聚类分析结果发现，种间遗传变异在诱导F中得以保留或拓宽。利用DH诱导系为油菜种间杂交和远缘杂交创造了特殊育种资源，同时缩短了时间、提高了效率，并为创新育种资源提供了新的思路。
