Iantosca Jo Ann M, Stewart Shannon L
School of Early Childhood Education, Seneca College, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Faculty of Education, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2022 Feb 22;13:788290. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.788290. eCollection 2022.
The interRAI 0-3 Early Years was recently developed to support intervention efforts based on the needs of young children and their families. One aspect of child development assessed by the Early Years instrument are motor skills, which are integral for the maturity of cognition, language, social-emotional and other developmental outcomes. Gross motor development, however, is negatively impacted by pre-term birth and low birth weight. For the purpose of known-groups validation, an at-risk sample of preterm children using the interRAI 0-3 Early Years was included to examine correlates of preterm risk and the degree of gross motor delay.
Participant data included children and families ( = 591) from 17 health agencies in Ontario, Canada. Data were collected as part of a pilot study using the full interRAI 0-3 Early Years assessment. Correlational analyses were used to determine relationships between prenatal risk and preterm birth and bivariate analyses examined successful and failed performance of at-risk children on gross motor items. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the mean difference in gross motor scores for children born at various weeks gestation.
Correlational analysis indicated that prenatal and perinatal factors such as maternal nicotine use during pregnancy did not have significant influence over gross motor achievement for the full sample, however, gross motor scores were lower for children born pre-term or low birth weight based on bivariate analysis. Gross motor scores decreased from 40 weeks' gestation (mean rank = 310.77), to moderate to late preterm (mean rank = 258.96), and to very preterm (mean rank = 234.54), however extremely preterm (mean rank = 236.28) performed comparably to very preterm.
The interRAI 0-3 was evaluated to determine its efficacy and report findings which confirm the literature regarding delay in gross motor performance for preterm children. Findings confirm that pre-term and low birth weight children are at greater risk for motor delay the interRAI 0-3 Early Years gross motor domain.
最近开发的“互认评估工具0 - 3岁早期版”旨在根据幼儿及其家庭的需求支持干预措施。早期版工具评估的儿童发育的一个方面是运动技能，这对于认知、语言、社会情感及其他发育成果的成熟至关重要。然而，早产和低出生体重会对大运动发育产生负面影响。为了进行已知组验证，纳入了一个使用“互认评估工具0 - 3岁早期版”的早产风险儿童样本，以检查早产风险的相关因素和大运动延迟程度。
参与者数据包括来自加拿大安大略省17个卫生机构的儿童及其家庭（n = 591）。数据是作为一项使用完整的“互认评估工具0 - 3岁早期版”评估的试点研究的一部分收集的。相关分析用于确定产前风险与早产之间的关系，双变量分析检查了风险儿童在大运动项目上的成功与失败表现。使用Kruskal - Wallis检验来确定不同孕周出生的儿童在大运动得分上的平均差异。
相关分析表明，产前和围产期因素，如孕期母亲使用尼古丁，对整个样本的大运动成就没有显著影响，然而，根据双变量分析，早产或低出生体重的儿童大运动得分较低。大运动得分从妊娠40周（平均秩次 = 310.77）下降到中度至晚期早产（平均秩次 = 258.96），再到极早产（平均秩次 = 234.54），然而极早早产（平均秩次 = 236.28）的表现与极早产相当。
对“互认评估工具0 - 3岁早期版”进行了评估，以确定其有效性并报告结果，这些结果证实了有关早产儿童大运动表现延迟的文献。结果证实，早产和低出生体重儿童在“互认评估工具0 - 3岁早期版”大运动领域出现运动延迟的风险更高。
