Pulido-Martos Manuel, Cortés-Denia Daniel, El Ghoudani Karima, Luque-Reca Octavio, Lopez-Zafra Esther
Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Sciences of Education, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
Higher School of Education and Training Berrechid, Hassan Premier University, Settat, Morocco.
Front Psychol. 2022 Feb 25;13:830987. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.830987. eCollection 2022.
Mixture modeling technics are not the one and only to perform person-centered analyses, but they do offer the possibility of integrating latent profiles into models of some complexity that include antecedents and results. When analyzing the contribution of socioemotional resources to the preservation of mental health, it is the variable-centered approaches that are the most often performed, with few examples using a person-centered approach. Moreover, if the focus is on the Arab adolescent population, to our knowledge, there is an absence of such studies. This study aims to extend the research about socioemotional resources by examining: (1) if distinguishable profiles can be identified based on scores about perceptions of different emotional abilities and levels of social support from different sources (e.g., parents, friends, and teachers/counselors); (2) if the identified profiles relate to mental health indicators, such as depression levels and health-related quality of life (HRQoL); and (3) to acknowledge if sociodemographic variables such as age or gender and positive self-views (self-esteem) ascertain the probability of pertaining to the identified profiles. The study was carried out on a large sample of Moroccan adolescents ( = 970). We adopted a person-centered approach using latent profile analysis (LPA) to establish whether different socioemotional resources profiles (e.g., emotional intelligence and social support) are present in Moroccan adolescents. Furthermore, we investigated the role of sociodemographic variables and self-esteem as antecedents of these profiles and the association of these profiles with mental health (depression and HRQoL). Results from LPA revealed three patterns of socioemotional resources (i.e., latent profiles): (1) "High socioemotional resources" (43.09%); (2) "Moderate socioemotional resources" (42.68%); and (3) "Low socioemotional resources" (14.23%). Analyses showed that Moroccan adolescents differed significantly in depression (cognitive-affective and somatic dimensions) and HRQoL depending on the profile membership. Profiles with higher levels of resources contributed positively to preserving mental health. Finally, the results show that self-esteem boosted the probability of pertaining to the profiles related to better mental health. Thus, this study extends previous research about socioemotional resources, highlighting that researchers and health professionals should consider empirically identified profiles of adolescents when explaining mental health outcomes. Therefore, the psychological intervention should be focused on enhancing the self-esteem of adolescents, to favor a high socioemotional resource profile, which results in better mental health.
混合建模技术并非进行以人为本分析的唯一方法，但它们确实提供了将潜在特征整合到包含前因和结果的某种复杂模型中的可能性。在分析社会情感资源对心理健康维护的贡献时，最常采用的是以变量为中心的方法，很少有使用以人为本方法的例子。此外，就我们所知，如果关注的是阿拉伯青少年群体，此类研究尚属空白。本研究旨在通过考察以下方面来扩展关于社会情感资源的研究：（1）是否可以根据对不同情感能力的认知得分以及来自不同来源（如父母、朋友和教师/辅导员）的社会支持水平来识别可区分的特征；（2）所识别的特征是否与心理健康指标相关，如抑郁水平和健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）；（3）确认年龄或性别等社会人口统计学变量以及积极的自我认知（自尊）是否确定了属于所识别特征的概率。该研究对大量摩洛哥青少年样本（=970）进行。我们采用以人为本的方法，使用潜在特征分析（LPA）来确定摩洛哥青少年中是否存在不同的社会情感资源特征（如情商和社会支持）。此外，我们研究了社会人口统计学变量和自尊作为这些特征的前因的作用，以及这些特征与心理健康（抑郁和HRQoL）的关联。LPA的结果揭示了三种社会情感资源模式（即潜在特征）：（1）“高社会情感资源”（43.09%）；（2）“中等社会情感资源”（42.68%）；（3）“低社会情感资源”（14.23%）。分析表明，摩洛哥青少年在抑郁（认知情感和躯体维度）和HRQoL方面因所属特征不同而存在显著差异。资源水平较高的特征对维护心理健康有积极贡献。最后，结果表明自尊增加了属于与更好心理健康相关特征的概率。因此，本研究扩展了先前关于社会情感资源的研究，强调研究人员和健康专业人员在解释心理健康结果时应考虑根据实证确定的青少年特征。因此，心理干预应侧重于提高青少年的自尊，以促进形成高社会情感资源特征，从而带来更好的心理健康。
