Poudel Prakash, Samuel Ryan, Levesque Crystal, St-Pierre Benoit
Current address: Himalayan Pet Foods, Mukilteo, Washington, 98275, USA.
Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Animal Science Complex, Box 2170, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2022 Mar 17;13(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s40104-022-00681-8.
Digestive disorders in weaning pigs remain a major challenge for swine producers. Different types of commercial feed additives have been developed to promote gut health and development in young pigs, but their effects on resident gut microbial communities remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a peptide-based product (Peptiva) in combination with mannose oligosaccharides (MOS) and an exogenous protease on the performance and fecal microbiome of nursery pigs.
A total of 1097 weaned pigs were divided into 44 pens (24-26 pigs/pen) with each pen randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets as part of Phase II and Phase III of a standard nursery phase feeding program. Fecal samples collected from representative control and treatment pigs were used to investigate bacterial composition profiles by high throughput sequencing of PCR-generated amplicons targeting the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene.
Higher gain:feed was observed for pigs fed Peptiva and MOS compared to Controls during the period when experimental diets were fed, but the benefits of supplementation were not maintained after pigs were transitioned to a non-supplemented diet. Three candidate bacterial species, identified as Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), were found to have significantly different abundances between control samples and treatment samples during the same phase. In Phase III samples, SD_Ssd-00039, predicted to be a strain of Streptococcus alactolyticus based on nucleotide sequence identity, was the most highly represented of these OTUs with an average abundance in pigs fed Peptiva, MOS and protease that was 3.9 times higher than in Controls. The report also presents evidence of microbial succession that occurred during the trial, with 16 of the 32 most abundant OTUs found to vary between Phase II and Phase III samples for the same dietary treatment.
Dietary supplementation with a combination of a peptide-based product, MOS, and protease increased the growth performance of weaned pigs compared to control animals during the nursery phase, but these benefits were no longer observed within 2 weeks after all animals were transitioned to a non-supplemented diet. Supplementation with these feed additives was found to modulate the composition of the swine gut microbiome during this period.
断奶仔猪的消化系统疾病仍然是养猪生产者面临的主要挑战。已开发出不同类型的商业饲料添加剂来促进幼猪的肠道健康和发育，但它们对肠道常驻微生物群落的影响在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本研究的目的是调查一种基于肽的产品（Peptiva）与甘露寡糖（MOS）和一种外源蛋白酶联合使用对保育猪生产性能和粪便微生物群的影响。
总共1097头断奶仔猪被分成44个栏（每栏24 - 26头猪），作为标准保育期饲养计划第二阶段和第三阶段的一部分，每个栏随机分配到四种实验日粮中的一种。从代表性的对照猪和处理猪收集粪便样本，通过对靶向16S rRNA基因V1 - V3区域的PCR扩增子进行高通量测序来研究细菌组成概况。
在饲喂实验日粮期间，与对照组相比，饲喂Peptiva和MOS的猪的增重：饲料比更高，但在猪过渡到不添加的日粮后，补充的益处未得到维持。在同一阶段，发现三种被鉴定为操作分类单元（OTU）的候选细菌物种在对照样本和处理样本之间的丰度存在显著差异。在第三阶段样本中，基于核苷酸序列同一性预测为解乳糖链球菌菌株的SD_Ssd - 00039是这些OTU中代表性最高的，在饲喂Peptiva、MOS和蛋白酶的猪中的平均丰度比对照组高3.9倍。该报告还提供了试验期间发生微生物演替的证据，在相同日粮处理的情况下，32个最丰富的OTU中有16个在第二阶段和第三阶段样本之间存在差异。
与对照动物相比，在保育期日粮中添加基于肽的产品、MOS和蛋白酶的组合可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能，但在所有动物过渡到不添加的日粮后2周内不再观察到这些益处。在此期间，发现补充这些饲料添加剂可调节猪肠道微生物群的组成。
