Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, U.S. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Vaccine. 2022 Apr 6;40(16):2432-2441. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.03.002. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
Checking vaccination status at school is widely recommended as a strategy to strengthen routine childhood vaccination coverage. Documentation of approaches, challenges, strengths, and impact of this strategy in a variety of contexts is key to enhancing adoption and implementation. However, there is limited information about the prevalence of policies and the implementation of checking vaccination status at school globally.
A one-time supplementary survey was circulated with the annual World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) Joint Reporting Form in 2019 to all WHO member states and non-member state reporting entities. Additional publicly available country-level data, including primary school enrollment, home-based record (HBR) ownership, and World Bank income classification were linked to the supplementary survey responses, which were descriptively analyzed.
We received survey responses from 130 of the 194 (67%) WHO member states and 15 non-member state reporting entities. Almost half (46%) of the respondents reported having a law requiring proof of vaccination to enter at least one level of education, and 60% of the respondents reported having a law that requires checking vaccination status at school in 2018. Three-quarters of the respondents (77%) reported the practice of routinely checking vaccination status at school. Both laws and the practice of checking were more common in the WHO Region of the Americas and the WHO European Region, and in high- and upper-middle-income countries. Individual HBR was the document most frequently checked. Catch-up vaccination occurred most frequently at health centers. Evaluation of checking vaccination status at school to determine what has worked and its effect was infrequently reported.
Despite widespread implementation of checking vaccination status at school in 2018, documentation of the experiences in planning and implementing this strategy, and its effects remains sparse, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
在学校检查疫苗接种状况被广泛推荐作为加强常规儿童疫苗接种覆盖率的策略。在各种情况下记录该策略的方法、挑战、优势和影响对于提高其采用和实施至关重要。然而，关于全球范围内学校检查疫苗接种状况政策的普及程度和实施情况的信息有限。
2019 年，在世界卫生组织（世卫组织）和联合国儿童基金会（儿基会）年度联合报告表中，向所有世卫组织成员国和非成员国报告实体一次性分发了一份补充调查。还将包括小学入学率、家庭记录（HBR）拥有率和世界银行收入分类在内的其他公开可得的国家一级数据与补充调查答复联系起来，并对其进行了描述性分析。
我们收到了来自 194 个世卫组织成员国中的 130 个和 15 个非成员国报告实体的调查答复。近一半（46%）的答复者报告说，至少有一项法律要求提供疫苗接种证明才能进入某一教育阶段，而 60%的答复者报告说，在 2018 年有要求在学校检查疫苗接种状况的法律。四分之三（77%）的答复者报告说，他们有例行检查疫苗接种状况的做法。在美洲区域和欧洲区域以及高收入和上中等收入国家，这两项法律和检查做法更为常见。个人 HBR 是最常被检查的文件。在卫生中心最常发生补种疫苗。对学校检查疫苗接种状况以确定哪些做法有效及其效果的评估很少报告。
尽管在 2018 年广泛实施了在学校检查疫苗接种状况，但在规划和实施这一策略方面的经验以及其影响的记录仍然很少，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。
