Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2022 Oct;18(7):2262-2278. doi: 10.1007/s12015-022-10362-8. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
Annually chronic liver diseases cause two million death worldwide. Although liver transplantation (LT) is still considered the best therapeutic option, the limited number of donated livers and lifelong side effects of LT has led researchers to seek alternative therapies. Tissue engineering (TE) as a promising method is considered for liver repair and regeneration. TE uses natural or synthetic scaffolds, functional somatic cells, multipotent stem cells, and growth factors to develop new organs. Biological scaffolds are notable in TE because of their capacity to mimic extracellular matrices, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Moreover, natural scaffolds are classified based on their source and function in three separate groups. Hemostat-based scaffolds as the first group were reviewed for their application in coagulation in liver injury or surgery. Furthermore, recent studies showed improvement in the function of biological hydrogels in liver regeneration and vascularity. In addition, different applications of natural scaffolds were discussed and compared with synthetic scaffolds. Finally, we focused on the efforts to improve the performance of decellularized extracellular matrixes for liver implantation.
每年，慢性肝脏疾病在全球导致 200 万人死亡。尽管肝移植（LT）仍被认为是最佳的治疗选择，但捐赠肝脏的数量有限，以及 LT 的终身副作用，促使研究人员寻求替代疗法。组织工程（TE）作为一种很有前途的方法，被认为可用于肝脏修复和再生。TE 采用天然或合成支架、功能性体细胞、多能干细胞和生长因子来开发新器官。生物支架在 TE 中很重要，因为它们具有模拟细胞外基质、可生物降解性和生物相容性的能力。此外，天然支架根据其来源和功能分为三组。止血剂支架作为第一组，其在肝脏损伤或手术中的凝血应用已得到综述。此外，最近的研究表明，生物水凝胶在肝脏再生和血管生成方面的功能得到了改善。此外，还讨论了天然支架的不同应用，并与合成支架进行了比较。最后，我们专注于努力改善脱细胞细胞外基质在肝脏植入中的性能。
