Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, New York, NY 14214, USA.
Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Mar Drugs. 2022 Feb 28;20(3):181. doi: 10.3390/md20030181.
Fucoidan, a marine-sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae, has been recently spotlighted as a natural biomaterial for use in bone formation and regeneration. Current research explores the osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of fucoidan-based composites for bone tissue engineering applications. The utility of fucoidan in a bone tissue regeneration environment necessitates a better understanding of how fucoidan regulates osteogenic processes at the molecular level. Therefore, this study designed a fucoidan and polydopamine (PDA) composite-based film for use in a culture platform for periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and explored the prominent molecular pathways induced during osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through transcriptome profiling. Characterization of the fucoidan/PDA-coated culture polystyrene surface was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The osteogenic differentiation of the PDLSCs cultured on the fucoidan/PDA composite was examined through alkaline phosphatase activity, intracellular calcium levels, matrix mineralization assay, and analysis of the mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic markers. RNA sequencing was performed to identify significantly enriched and associated molecular networks. The culture of PDLSCs on the fucoidan/PDA composite demonstrated higher osteogenic potency than that on the control surface. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) ( = 348) were identified during fucoidan/PDA-induced osteogenic differentiation by RNA sequencing. The signaling pathways enriched in the DEGs include regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and Ras-related protein 1 and phosphatidylinositol signaling. These pathways represent cell adhesion and cytoskeleton organization functions that are significantly involved in the osteogenic process. These results suggest that a fucoidan/PDA composite promotes the osteogenic potential of PDLSCs by activation of critical molecular pathways.
岩藻聚糖，一种来源于褐藻的海洋硫酸多糖，最近作为天然生物材料在骨形成和再生中受到关注。目前的研究探索了基于岩藻聚糖的复合材料在骨组织工程应用中的成骨和骨传导特性。岩藻聚糖在骨组织再生环境中的应用需要更好地了解岩藻聚糖如何在分子水平上调节成骨过程。因此，本研究设计了一种基于岩藻聚糖和聚多巴胺（PDA）的复合膜，用于牙周膜干细胞（PDLSCs）的培养平台，并通过转录组谱分析探索了 PDLSCs 成骨分化过程中诱导的显著分子途径。通过扫描电子显微镜和 X 射线光电子能谱评估了岩藻聚糖/PDA 涂层培养聚苯乙烯表面的特性。通过碱性磷酸酶活性、细胞内钙水平、基质矿化测定以及成骨标志物的 mRNA 和蛋白表达分析，研究了 PDLSCs 在岩藻聚糖/PDA 复合材料上的成骨分化。进行 RNA 测序以鉴定显著富集和相关的分子网络。与对照表面相比，PDLSCs 在岩藻聚糖/PDA 复合材料上的培养表现出更高的成骨能力。通过 RNA 测序鉴定了岩藻聚糖/PDA 诱导的成骨分化过程中差异表达的基因（DEGs）（=348）。富集的 DEGs 信号通路包括肌动蛋白细胞骨架和 Ras 相关蛋白 1 和磷酸肌醇信号的调节。这些通路代表细胞黏附和细胞骨架组织功能，它们在成骨过程中起着重要作用。这些结果表明，岩藻聚糖/PDA 复合材料通过激活关键分子途径促进 PDLSCs 的成骨潜力。
